{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T17:46:36Z","timestamp":1785433596745,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777939200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":124,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epidemiol. Infect."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Evidence on the association between chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and stroke is limited, inconsistent, and confined predominantly to endemic regions in Asia. This study investigated the association between chronic HBV infection and stroke using data from the largest healthcare provider in Israel. All individuals aged 20 and older who were tested for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) between 2005 and 2023 were identified. Newly diagnosed HBV patients (HBsAg-positive) were propensity scorematched to non-HBV subjects (HBsAg-negative) in a 1:4 ratio and followed for stroke occurrence through 2024. The study included 20\u00a0544 HBV patients and 82\u00a0176 matched controls. Overall stroke was diagnosed in 472 HBV patients and 1\u00a0717 controls (incidence rates: 2.13 vs. 1.94 per 1\u00a0000 person-years). Hazard ratios were 1.09 (95% CI, 0.98\u20131.22) for overall stroke, 1.01 (0.89\u20131.14) for ischemic stroke, and 1.82 (1.35\u20132.45) for intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Ischemic stroke risk was specifically increased in younger individuals and females (p-for-interaction = 0.006 and 0.079, respectively). Results remained consistent when excluding patients with prior stroke. Exploratory analysis suggested hepatitis D coinfection is associated with increased ICH risk. In conclusion, chronic HBV infection was associated with significantly increased ICH risk, with subgroup-specific increases in ischemic stroke risk.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s095026882610154x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T09:40:14Z","timestamp":1777974014000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association between chronic hepatitis B virus infection and stroke risk: a propensity score-matched analysis"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"154","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8686-2431","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amir","family":"Yahav","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03qryx823","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Technion Israel Institute of Technology"},{"name":"Lady Davis Carmel Medical 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University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Walid","family":"Saliba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03qryx823","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Technion Israel Institute of Technology"},{"name":"Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"S095026882610154X_r3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/17474930251338202"},{"key":"S095026882610154X_r16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.26867"},{"key":"S095026882610154X_r13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc18-2472"},{"key":"S095026882610154X_r15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0135834"},{"key":"S095026882610154X_r19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-016179"},{"key":"S095026882610154X_r6","volume-title":"Global Hepatitis Report 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and Infection"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S095026882610154X","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T07:06:56Z","timestamp":1784272016000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S095026882610154X\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"references-count":26,"alternative-id":["S095026882610154X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s095026882610154x","relation":{},"ISSN":["0950-2688","1469-4409"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0950-2688","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-4409","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"assertion":[{"value":"\u00a9 The Author(s), 2026. Published by Cambridge University Press","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}],"article-number":"e66"}}