{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T10:06:22Z","timestamp":1790244382463,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790208000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":266,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000805","name":"European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["The authors (EDW and MJC) were fellows at the ECDC"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["The authors (EDW and MJC) were fellows at the ECDC"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000805","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epidemiol. Infect."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                    Enteritidis is typically transmitted to humans via consumption of eggs or poultry meat. In July 2023, Denmark and Austria concurrently reported two outbreaks of genetically distinct\n                    <jats:italic>S.<\/jats:italic>\n                    Enteritidis sequence type (ST) 11. In both countries, cases were identified as part of the outbreaks using core-genome Multilocus Sequence Typing (cgMLST) between 1\n                    <jats:sup>st<\/jats:sup>\n                    of January and 1\n                    <jats:sup>st<\/jats:sup>\n                    of October, 2023. Outbreak investigations were conducted and included interviews with cases, food tracing, and, using cgMLST, comparisons of human, food, and environmental isolates. In the EU, 207 cases across 11 countries were found. Patient food histories pointed towards chicken, often sold as kebab meat. Extensive traceback investigations from affected restaurants and wholesalers in Austria and Denmark identified chicken meat produced in Poland as the vehicle of the outbreaks. Due to the death of one patient in Austria, the food safety authorities initiated more food safety controls for this food product, which led to food recalls. Recalls of specific chicken products from Poland were also conducted in Denmark. Despite national interventions and regulations targeting poultry producers, the EU remains collectively vulnerable to large-scale food contamination events originating in a single member state. Effective international and cross-sector collaboration was crucial to identifying the vehicle of these outbreaks.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0950268826102015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T09:20:06Z","timestamp":1790241606000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Widespread European outbreaks of\n                    <i>Salmonella<\/i>\n                    Enteritidis related to chicken meat from Poland, 2023"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"154","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-1234-3131","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emily Dibba","family":"White","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0417ye583","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Statens Serum Institut"},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00s9v1h75","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4241-0473","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Jo\u00e3o","family":"Cardoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00s9v1h75","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control"},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/055xb4311","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Austrian Agency for Health Food Safety"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alina","family":"Novacek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/055xb4311","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Austrian Agency for Health Food Safety"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Felix","family":"K\u00fcffel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/055xb4311","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Austrian Agency for Health Food Safety"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norbert","family":"Handra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/055xb4311","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Austrian Agency for Health Food Safety"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Kornschober","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/055xb4311","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Austrian Agency for Health Food Safety"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mihail","family":"Milanov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Diagnostic Research Veterinary Medical Institute Prof Dr G Pavlov"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gergana","family":"Mateva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Diagnostic Research Veterinary Medical Institute Prof Dr G Pavlov"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Werner","family":"Ruppitsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03pt86f80","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Medical University of Innsbruck Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne Ribert","family":"Larsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03a19fc63","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Danish Veterinary and Food Administration"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Malene","family":"S\u00f8by","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03a19fc63","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Danish Veterinary and Food Administration"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annemette","family":"Lyhne-Kj\u00e6rbye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03a19fc63","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Danish Veterinary and Food Administration"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stine","family":"Nielsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0417ye583","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Statens Serum Institut"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2867-7921","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruska","family":"Rimhanen-Finne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03tf0c761","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anni","family":"Vainio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03tf0c761","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aoife","family":"Colgan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03a23ch04","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Health Protection Surveillance Centre"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Pardos de la Grandara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0495fxg12","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Institute Pasteur"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2361-5732","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carolina Silva","family":"Nodari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0495fxg12","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Institute Pasteur"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathalie","family":"Jourdan Da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00dfw9p58","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Sant\u00e9 publique France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9244-9486","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anika","family":"Meinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01k5qnb77","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Robert Koch Institute"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Trost","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01k5qnb77","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Robert Koch Institute"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Grilc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02zfrea47","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"National Institute of Public Health of the Republic of Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marija","family":"Trkov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03m7rw736","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"National Laboratory of Health Environment and Food Department for Public Health"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rikard","family":"Dryselius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05x4m5564","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Public Health Agency of Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ann","family":"Hoban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00vbvha87","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"UK Health Security Agency"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie Anne","family":"Chattaway","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00vbvha87","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"UK Health Security Agency"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anais","family":"Painset","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00vbvha87","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"UK Health Security Agency"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Villa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02hssy432","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Istituto Superiore di Sanit\u00e0"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Lucarelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02hssy432","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Istituto Superiore di Sanit\u00e0"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin T.","family":"Brandal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/046nvst19","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Norwegian Institute of Public Health"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heidi","family":"Lange","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/046nvst19","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Norwegian Institute of Public Health"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pernille","family":"Gymoese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0417ye583","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Statens Serum Institut"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1839-7435","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pernille Munch","family":"Ryder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0417ye583","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Statens Serum Institut"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9709-356X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Steen","family":"Ethelberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0417ye583","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Statens Serum Institut"},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/035b05819","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of Copenhagen Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luise","family":"M\u00fcller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0417ye583","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Statens Serum Institut"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabine","family":"Maritschnik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/055xb4311","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Austrian Agency for Health Food Safety"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0950268826102015_r2","volume-title":"Control of Communicable Diseases Manual","volume":"127","author":"Heymann","year":"2022"},{"key":"S0950268826102015_r15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw192"},{"key":"S0950268826102015_r1","unstructured":"[1] European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (2025) Salmonellosis. https:\/\/www.ecdc.europa.eu\/en\/salmonellosis (accessed 3 July 2026)."},{"key":"S0950268826102015_r19","article-title":"Salmonella, food safety and food handling practices","volume":"10","author":"Ehuwa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Food"},{"key":"S0950268826102015_r20","unstructured":"[20] Food and Agriculture Organization (2017) Food Handler\u2019s Manual: Instructor. United Nations Hum Settlements Program Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. 52. https:\/\/openknowledge.fao.org\/handle\/20.500.14283\/i5896en (Accessed 26 May 2025)."},{"key":"S0950268826102015_r11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2023.1104164"},{"key":"S0950268826102015_r14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms12112249"},{"key":"S0950268826102015_r17","first-page":"e05596","article-title":"Salmonella control in poultry flocks and its public health impact","volume":"17","author":"Koutsoumanis","year":"2019","journal-title":"EFSA Journal"},{"key":"S0950268826102015_r22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2903\/sp.efsa.2022.EN-7180"},{"key":"S0950268826102015_r23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(19)30047-7"},{"key":"S0950268826102015_r21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1007261"},{"key":"S0950268826102015_r24","unstructured":"[24] EFSA (European Food Safety Authority)(2025) Salmonella Story Map. https:\/\/storymaps.arcgis.com\/stories\/13979918ca8948399180651d3b7ce3e1 (Accessed 23 January 2025)."},{"key":"S0950268826102015_r3","volume-title":"Annual Epidemiological Report for 2021","year":"2022"},{"key":"S0950268826102015_r9","first-page":"e9106","article-title":"The European Union one health 2023 zoonoses report","volume":"22","year":"2024","journal-title":"EFSA Journal"},{"key":"S0950268826102015_r8","article-title":"Three clusters of Salmonella Enteritidis ST11 infections linked to chicken meat and chicken meat products","year":"2023","journal-title":"EFSA Journal"},{"key":"S0950268826102015_r16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.17.2400602"},{"key":"S0950268826102015_r18","article-title":"The European Union one health 2022 zoonoses report","volume":"21","year":"2023","journal-title":"EFSA Journal"},{"key":"S0950268826102015_r10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.04.017"},{"key":"S0950268826102015_r4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-25319-7"},{"key":"S0950268826102015_r12","article-title":"Whole genome sequencing data used for surveillance of Campylobacter infections: Detection of a large continuous outbreak, Denmark, 2019","volume":"26","author":"Grimstrup","year":"2021","journal-title":"Euro Surveillance: Bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin"},{"key":"S0950268826102015_r7","unstructured":"[7] Zoonosen und ihre Erreger in \u00d6sterreich, 2023 \u2013 die AGES-Datensammlung 2023 (2023) https:\/\/www.ages.at\/en\/human\/disease\/zoonoses#c18248 (accessed 8 September 2026)."},{"key":"S0950268826102015_r6","unstructured":"[6] Annual Report on Zoonoses in Denmark 2013 (2024) National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark. 1\u201324. http:\/\/www.food.dtu.dk\/-\/media\/Institutter\/Foedevareinstituttet\/Publikationer\/Pub-2011\/Annual-Report-on-Zoonoses-in-Denmark-2010.ashx?la=da (accessed 3 July 2026)."},{"key":"S0950268826102015_r5","unstructured":"[5] Statens Serum Institut (2014) Salmonella Infections 2013. EPI-NEWS 11."},{"key":"S0950268826102015_r13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268819002073"}],"container-title":["Epidemiology and Infection"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0950268826102015","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T09:20:12Z","timestamp":1790241612000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0950268826102015\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"references-count":24,"alternative-id":["S0950268826102015"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0950268826102015","relation":{},"ISSN":["0950-2688","1469-4409"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0950-2688","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-4409","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"assertion":[{"value":"\u00a9 The Author(s), 2026. Published by Cambridge University Press","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}],"article-number":"e118"}}