{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T11:08:02Z","timestamp":1791198482447,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1999,10,1]],"date-time":"1999-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":938736000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Epidemiol. Infect."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Ocular disease is the commonest disabling consequence of toxoplasma infection. Incidence and \nlifetime risk of ocular symptoms were determined by ascertaining affected patients in a \npopulation-based, active reporting study involving ophthalmologists serving a population of 7\u00b74 \nmillion. Eighty-seven symptomatic episodes were attributed to toxoplasma infection. Bilateral \nvisual acuity of 6\/12 or less was found in seven episodes (8%) and was likely to have been \ntransient in most cases. Black people born in West Africa had a 100-fold higher incidence of \nsymptoms than white people born in Britain. Only two patients reported symptoms before 10 \nyears of age. The estimated lifetime risk of symptoms in British born individuals (52% of all \nepisodes) was 18\/100000 (95% confidence interval: 10\u00b78\u201325\u00b72). The low risk and mild \nsymptoms in an unscreened British population indicate limited potential benefits of prenatal or \npostnatal screening. The late age at presentation suggests a mixed aetiology of postnatally \nacquired and congenital infection for which primary prevention may be appropriate, \nparticularly among West Africans.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0950268899002800","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T13:23:42Z","timestamp":1027776222000},"page":"283-289","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":98,"title":["Incidence of symptomatic toxoplasma eye disease: aetiology \nand public health implications"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"123","author":[{"given":"R. E.","family":"GILBERT","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D. T.","family":"DUNN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"LIGHTMAN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P. I.","family":"MURRAY","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. E.","family":"PAVESIO","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P. D.","family":"GORMLEY","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"MASTERS","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. P.","family":"PARKER","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. R.","family":"STANFORD","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1999,10,1]]},"container-title":["Epidemiology and Infection"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0950268899002800","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,9]],"date-time":"2019-05-09T20:10:40Z","timestamp":1557432640000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0950268899002800\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1999,10]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S0950268899002800"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0950268899002800","relation":{},"ISSN":["0950-2688","1469-4409"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0950-2688","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-4409","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1999,10]]}}}