{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T02:30:16Z","timestamp":1792290616578,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,2,1]],"date-time":"2000-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":949363200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Epidemiol. Infect."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Thirty-nine strains of <jats:italic>Salmonella typhi<\/jats:italic>, isolated in 1995 from four Districts in Pakistan, \nRawalpindi, Islamabad, Kharian and Jehlem, were catalogued and examined. Chromosomal \nDNA from each isolate was digested with <jats:italic>Xba<\/jats:italic>I restriction endonuclease and subjected to \npulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Three clonal variants comprising of 17\u201319 DNA fragments \nwere identified. Antibiotic susceptibility testing identified that 37 of the <jats:italic>S. typhi<\/jats:italic> were resistant \nto chloramphenicol, trimethoprim and ampicillin. These antibiotic resistance genes were found \nto be located on one of four plasmids belonging to incompatibility group IncHI1 and ranging \nin size from 150\u2013175 Kb. The genes responsible for this resistance in each case were the \nchloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) type I, the dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) type VII \nand the \u03b2-lactamase TEM-1 respectively.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0950268899003453","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T13:23:42Z","timestamp":1027776222000},"page":"9-16","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Characterization of multi-drug resistant <i>Salmonella typhi<\/i> \nisolated from Pakistan"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"124","author":[{"given":"P. M. A.","family":"SHANAHAN","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K. A.","family":"KARAMAT","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. J.","family":"THOMSON","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. G. B.","family":"AMYES","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,2,1]]},"container-title":["Epidemiology and Infection"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0950268899003453","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,6]],"date-time":"2019-04-06T19:30:15Z","timestamp":1554579015000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0950268899003453\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2000,2]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S0950268899003453"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0950268899003453","relation":{},"ISSN":["0950-2688","1469-4409"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0950-2688","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-4409","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2000,2]]}}}