{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T07:16:35Z","timestamp":1790752595844,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,15]],"date-time":"2009-01-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1231977600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":14,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dev Psychopathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The main objectives of this study were to prospectively examine the relationship between externalizing (substance use and delinquency) and internalizing (depression and anxiety) dimensions and academic achievement (grades and classroom adjustment), as well as continuity over time in these domains, within a sample of wealthy adolescents followed from 10th to 12th grades (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>= 256). In both parts of the study, cluster analyses were used to group participants at 10th grade and then group differences were evaluated on adjustment outcomes over time. In Part 1, problem behavior clusters revealed differences on academic indices with the two marijuana using groups\u2014marijuana users and multiproblem youth\u2014exhibiting the worst academic outcomes at all three waves. For Part 2, the two lowest achieving groups reported the highest distress across all externalizing dimensions over time. Stability across the three waves was found for both personal and academic competence as well as the associations between these two domains. Results are discussed in relation to intervention efforts targeting wealthy students at risk.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0954579409000182","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,15]],"date-time":"2009-01-15T09:57:29Z","timestamp":1232013449000},"page":"319-341","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":97,"title":["Distress and academic achievement among adolescents of affluence: A study of externalizing and internalizing problem behaviors and school performance"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Nadia S.","family":"Ansary","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suniya S.","family":"Luthar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0954579409000182_ref56","unstructured":"US Census Bureau. (2004). Retrieved October 11, 2004, from http:\/\/factfinder.census.gov\/home\/saff\/main.html?_lang=en"},{"key":"S0954579409000182_ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0167.48.1.72"},{"key":"S0954579409000182_ref54","volume-title":"Applied multivariate statistics for the social sciences","author":"Stevens","year":"1996"},{"key":"S0954579409000182_ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2137334"},{"key":"S0954579409000182_ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/10176-002"},{"key":"S0954579409000182_ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0663.94.2.396"},{"key":"S0954579409000182_ref46","volume-title":"Consequences of adolescent drug use: Impact on the lives of young adults","author":"Newcomb","year":"1988"},{"key":"S0954579409000182_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511490057"},{"key":"S0954579409000182_ref38","first-page":"581","article-title":"Peer reputation among inner-city adolescents: Structure and correlates","volume":"6","author":"Luthar","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of Research on Adolescence"},{"key":"S0954579409000182_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579408000291"},{"key":"S0954579409000182_ref35","unstructured":"Luthar S. S. , & Feldman J. (1998). The revised class play for adolescents: A study of inner-city and suburban youth. Presented at the biennial meetings of the Society for Research on Child Development."},{"key":"S0954579409000182_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579499002357"},{"key":"S0954579409000182_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-8624.00164"},{"key":"S0954579409000182_ref31","first-page":"29","volume-title":"The promotion of wellness in children and adolescents","author":"Luthar","year":"2000"},{"key":"S0954579409000182_ref29","first-page":"739","volume-title":"Developmental psychopathology: Vol 3. Risk, disorder, and adaptation","author":"Luthar","year":"2006"},{"key":"S0954579409000182_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.1993.tb01030.x"},{"key":"S0954579409000182_ref26","first-page":"86","volume-title":"Serious and violent juvenile offenders","author":"Lipsey","year":"1998"},{"key":"S0954579409000182_ref21","volume-title":"Monitoring the future national survey results on drug use, 1975\u20132004: Vol. I. Secondary school students","author":"Johnston","year":"2005"},{"key":"S0954579409000182_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01064258","article-title":"Reassessing the reliability and validity of self report delinquency measures","volume":"2","author":"Huizinga","year":"1986","journal-title":"Journal of Quantitative Criminology"},{"key":"S0954579409000182_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1080\/02796015.1986.12085242","article-title":"The Teacher\u2013Child Rating Scale: A brief objective measure of elementary children's school problem behaviors and competencies","volume":"15","author":"Hightower","year":"1986","journal-title":"School Psychology Review"},{"key":"S0954579409000182_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1018772524258"},{"key":"S0954579409000182_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2003.00573.x"},{"key":"S0954579409000182_ref12","first-page":"90","volume-title":"Prevention of delinquent behavior","author":"Elliot","year":"1987"},{"key":"S0954579409000182_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/002204269802800205"},{"key":"S0954579409000182_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0663.94.3.621"},{"key":"S0954579409000182_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1532-7795.1303005"},{"key":"S0954579409000182_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1010038130788"},{"key":"S0954579409000182_ref5","first-page":"793","volume-title":"Handbook of child psychology: Vol. 1. Theoretical models of human development","author":"Bronfenbrenner","year":"2006"},{"key":"S0954579409000182_ref39","first-page":"125","volume-title":"Advances in child development and behavior","author":"Luthar","year":"2004"},{"key":"S0954579409000182_ref50","volume-title":"Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale","author":"Reynolds","year":"1985"},{"key":"S0954579409000182_ref19","volume-title":"Monitoring the future: Questionnaire responses from the nation's high school seniors, 1988","author":"Johnston","year":"1989"},{"key":"S0954579409000182_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.103.2.302"},{"key":"S0954579409000182_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.chi.0000181044.06337.6f"},{"key":"S0954579409000182_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0012-1649.41.5.733"},{"key":"S0954579409000182_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1467-8624.2003.00625.x"},{"key":"S0954579409000182_ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0327(02)00098-8"},{"key":"S0954579409000182_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/S15328007SEM0703_1"},{"key":"S0954579409000182_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1025514423975"},{"key":"S0954579409000182_ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.108.3.500"},{"key":"S0954579409000182_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511499777.003"},{"key":"S0954579409000182_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511499777.004"},{"key":"S0954579409000182_ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0167.49.2.172"},{"key":"S0954579409000182_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0012-1649.21.3.523"},{"key":"S0954579409000182_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-7795.2007.00514.x"},{"key":"S0954579409000182_ref10","volume-title":"Adolescents at risk: Prevalence and prevention","author":"Dryfoos","year":"1990"},{"key":"S0954579409000182_ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1082-989X.7.2.147"},{"key":"S0954579409000182_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0012-1649.39.2.222"},{"key":"S0954579409000182_ref23","volume-title":"Children's Depression Inventory manual","author":"Kovacs","year":"1992"},{"key":"S0954579409000182_ref3","volume-title":"Voice of Connecticut youth: A statewide survey of adolescent health","author":"Beuhring","year":"1996"},{"key":"S0954579409000182_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15374424jccp3501_7"},{"key":"S0954579409000182_ref16","first-page":"106","volume-title":"Serious and violent juvenile offenders","author":"Hawkins","year":"1998"},{"key":"S0954579409000182_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0963-7214.2005.00333.x"},{"key":"S0954579409000182_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10964-005-0007-1"},{"key":"S0954579409000182_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579405050121"},{"key":"S0954579409000182_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/9789812832153_0010"},{"key":"S0954579409000182_ref20","volume-title":"Drugs and American high school students: 1975\u20131983","author":"Johnston","year":"1984"}],"container-title":["Development and Psychopathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0954579409000182","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,9]],"date-time":"2024-03-09T03:42:48Z","timestamp":1709955768000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0954579409000182\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,1]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0954579409000182"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0954579409000182","relation":{},"ISSN":["0954-5794","1469-2198"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0954-5794","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-2198","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,1]]}}}