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At 9 months, infant avoidance of fear-eliciting stimuli in the laboratory and maternal sensitivity at home were assessed. At 36 months, maternal gentle discipline was assessed at home. Children were repeatedly observed in the lab with an unfamiliar peer across early childhood. A latent class growth analysis yielded three longitudinal risk trajectories of social reticence behavior: a high-stable trajectory, a high-decreasing trajectory, and a low-increasing trajectory. For infants displaying greater avoidance, 9-month maternal sensitivity and 36-month maternal gentle discipline were both positively associated with membership in the high-stable social reticence trajectory, compared to the high-decreasing social reticence trajectory. For infants displaying lower avoidance, maternal sensitivity was positively associated with membership in the high-decreasing social reticence trajectory, compared to the low-increasing trajectory. Maternal sensitivity was positively associated with the high-stable social reticence trajectory when maternal gentle discipline was lower. These results illustrate the complex interplay of infant and maternal behavior in early childhood trajectories at risk for emerging psychopathology.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0954579415000747","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,6]],"date-time":"2015-10-06T09:53:50Z","timestamp":1444125230000},"page":"1163-1178","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Emergent patterns of risk for psychopathology: The influence of infant avoidance and maternal caregiving on trajectories of social reticence"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Kathryn A.","family":"Degnan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amie Ashley","family":"Hane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heather A.","family":"Henderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Olga L.","family":"Walker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melissa M.","family":"Ghera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nathan A.","family":"Fox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0954579415000747_ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10802-011-9490-x"},{"key":"S0954579415000747_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1129793"},{"key":"S0954579415000747_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-8624.00262"},{"key":"S0954579415000747_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0012855"},{"key":"S0954579415000747_ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.infbeh.2010.07.008"},{"key":"S0954579415000747_ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2009.12.001"},{"key":"S0954579415000747_ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-7687.2008.00808.x"},{"key":"S0954579415000747_ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10802-012-9663-2"},{"key":"S0954579415000747_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-8624.00534"},{"key":"S0954579415000747_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0012-1649.42.1.84"},{"key":"S0954579415000747_ref60","first-page":"120","article-title":"Temperament-based intervention: Re-examining goodness of fit","volume":"2","author":"McClowry","year":"2008","journal-title":"European Journal of Developmental Science"},{"key":"S0954579415000747_ref31","article-title":"The relations between reactivity at 4 months and behavioral inhibition in the second year: Replication across three independent samples","author":"Fox","year":"2014","journal-title":"Infancy"},{"key":"S0954579415000747_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0165025410375922"},{"key":"S0954579415000747_ref51","first-page":"100","volume-title":"Comprehensive handbook of personality and psychopathology: Vol. 3. 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