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While behavioral evidence exists for such \u201cstress sensitization,\u201d little is known about the mechanisms mediating such relationships, particularly within the brain. Here we report that the experience of child maltreatment independent of recent life stress, gender, and age is associated with reduced structural integrity of the uncinate fasciculus, a major white matter pathway between the amygdala and ventromedial prefrontal cortex, in young adults. We further demonstrate that individuals with lower uncinate fasciculus integrity at baseline who subsequently experience stressful life events report higher levels of internalizing symptomatology at follow-up. Our findings suggest a novel neurobiological mechanism linking child maltreatment with later internalizing symptoms, specifically altered structural connectivity within the brain's threat-detection and emotion-regulation circuitry.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0954579415000978","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,4]],"date-time":"2015-11-04T14:46:36Z","timestamp":1446648396000},"page":"1611-1619","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":115,"title":["Lower structural integrity of the uncinate fasciculus is associated with a history of child maltreatment and future psychological vulnerability to stress"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Jamie L.","family":"Hanson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annchen R.","family":"Knodt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bartholomew 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