{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T09:10:56Z","timestamp":1777885856424,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":120,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,13]],"date-time":"2016-06-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1465776000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dev Psychopathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Childhood abuse and neglect (CAN) is considered as a risk factor for substance use disorder (SUD). Based on the drinking to cope model, this study investigated the association of two trauma-relevant emotions (shame and sadness) and substance use. Using ecological momentary assessment we compared real-time emotion regulation in situations with high and low intensity of shame and sadness in currently abstinent patients with CAN and lifetime SUD (traumaSUD group), healthy controls with CAN (traumaHC group), and without CAN (nontraumaHC group). Multilevel analysis showed a positive linear relationship between high intensity of both emotions and substance use for all groups. The traumaSUD group showed heightened substance use in low, as well as in high, intensity of shame and sadness. In addition, we found an interaction between type of emotion, intensity, and group: the traumaHC group exhibited a fourfold increased risk for substance use in high intense shame situations relative to the traumaSUD group. Our findings provide evidence for the drinking to cope model. The traumaSUD group showed a reduced distress tolerance for variable intensity of negative emotions. The differential effect of intense shame for the traumaHC group emphazises its potential role in the development of SUD following CAN. In addition, shame can be considered a relevant focus for therapeutic preinterventions and interventions for SUD after CAN.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0954579416000432","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,13]],"date-time":"2016-06-13T11:19:03Z","timestamp":1465816743000},"page":"737-749","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Substance use to regulate intense posttraumatic shame in individuals with childhood abuse and neglect"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Julia","family":"Holl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sebastian","family":"Wolff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maren","family":"Schumacher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anja","family":"H\u00f6cker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elisabeth A.","family":"Arens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gabriela","family":"Spindler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Malte","family":"Stopsack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonna","family":"S\u00fcdhof","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philipp","family":"Hiller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Klein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ingo","family":"Sch\u00e4fer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sven","family":"Barnow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Cansas Study Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref15","volume-title":"Childhood Trauma Questionnaire: A retrospective self-report manual.","author":"Bernstein","year":"1998"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beth.2006.10.001"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NMD.0000000000000049"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-clinpsy-050212-185510"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2004.11.002"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10826080802495211"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/jnp.16.4.446"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1348\/000711201161109"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780195152968.001.0001"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref46","volume-title":"Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR Axis I Disorders, research version, patient edition (SCID-I\/P).","author":"First","year":"2002"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2009.09.003"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.21819"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3402\/ejpt.v5.23306"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3928\/00485713-20050501-05"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.66.2.310"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref79","volume-title":"Seeking safety: A treatment manual for PTSD and substance abuse.","author":"Najavits","year":"2002"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-012-0342-3"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0017075"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.10m06409blu"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1077559505279366"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2014.01026"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpp.752"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref16","volume-title":"Intensive longitudinal methods: An introduction to diary and experience sampling research.","author":"Bolger","year":"2013"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref13","first-page":"9","article-title":"Background for real-time monitoring and intervention related to alcohol use","volume":"36","author":"Beckjord","year":"2014","journal-title":"Alcohol Research: Current Reviews"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref2","volume-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-IV.","year":"2000"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-014-0210-2"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08897077.2014.970323"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2014.01.020"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref57","volume-title":"Handbook of emotion regulation.","author":"Gross","year":"2007"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1348\/014466509X479771"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17523281.2011.598462"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.110.3.449"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11031-015-9509-7"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17523280903192011"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10826080601142196"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1077559514551944"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.101.3.469"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2013.03.014"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881109354930"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1077559502007001003"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-010-1884-x"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.05.023"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1348\/014466599162962"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0017074"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780195178715.001.0001","volume-title":"The science of real-time data capture: Self-reports in health research.","author":"Stone","year":"2007"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2012.07.017"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0028289"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1465-3362.2011.00401.x"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4530(01)00042-7"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2012.249"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0015355"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/jmir.3479"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref101","volume-title":"Shame and guilt.","author":"Tangney","year":"2004"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0956797611418350"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1524838005285914"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/da.20852"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2006.04.014"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2013.01.027"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0012-1649.38.1.79"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/tmj.2013.0222"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.68.1.19"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-35350-5"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref14","first-page":"59","article-title":"Can you ask that over the telephone? Conducting sensitive or controversial research using random-digit dialing","volume":"25","author":"Bell","year":"2006","journal-title":"Medicine and Law"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1259","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.142.11.1259","article-title":"The self-medication hypothesis of addictive disorders: Focus on heroin and cocaine dependence","volume":"142","author":"Khantzian","year":"1985","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10538712.2012.659803"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.111.1.180"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8624.2012.01857.x"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10826084.2012.761713"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2008.02435.x"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2007.07.030"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref6","article-title":"Associations between specific negative emotions and DSM-5 PTSD among a national sample of interpersonal trauma survivors","author":"Badour","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Interpersonal Violence"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HRP.0000000000000014"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.07.032"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10926770801926492"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.20250"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10615800902818771"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0019712"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1369-1600.2008.00136.x"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.148.1.10","article-title":"Childhood traumas: An outline and overview","volume":"148","author":"Terr","year":"1991","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/S15324796ABM2403_09"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0037157"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1089-2680.2.3.271"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beth.2010.04.004"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1077559505276686"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.57.10.953"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.61.4.598"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref118","first-page":"19","article-title":"Using ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to assess situation-level predictors of alcohol use and alcohol-related consequences","volume":"36","author":"Wray","year":"2014","journal-title":"Alcohol Research. Current Reviews"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/resprot.3823"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2004.05.001"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jclp.21980"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4637.2007.00372.x"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref86","volume-title":"Hierarchical linear models: Applications and data analysis methods.","author":"Raudenbush","year":"2002"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.clinpsy.3.022806.091415"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.109.1.69"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10538712.2014.864747"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2013.07.009"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.104.2.277"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref11","first-page":"284","article-title":"Managing emotions\u2014Emotions under control","volume":"64","author":"Barnow","year":"2014","journal-title":"Psychotherapie, Psychosomatik, medizinische Psychologie"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2014.04.016"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0193841X14567313"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0092410"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327965pli1502_01"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2146\/ajhp070369"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2013.12.007"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0026039"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref83","first-page":"147","article-title":"Changes in post traumatic stress symptoms among women in substance use disorder treatment: The mediating role of bodily dissociation and emotion regulation","volume":"7","author":"Price","year":"2013","journal-title":"Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.69.5.990"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref116","article-title":"Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ): Preliminary psychometric properties [in German]","volume":"60","author":"Wingenfeld","year":"2010","journal-title":"Psychotherapie, Psychosomatik, medizinische Psychologie"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1026\/0033-3042\/a000176"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0029258"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260508314851"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.20339"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.91.5.753","article-title":"Child sexual abuse and subsequent psychopathology: Results from the National Comorbidity Survey","volume":"91","author":"Molnar","year":"2001","journal-title":"American Journal of Public Health"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.64.12.1435"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2005.12.003"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2006.07.011"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/alcalc\/agt069"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2012.04.017"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0030831"},{"key":"S0954579416000432_ref108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15288\/jsa.2005.66.610"}],"container-title":["Development and Psychopathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0954579416000432","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,17]],"date-time":"2024-06-17T15:44:05Z","timestamp":1718639045000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0954579416000432\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,13]]},"references-count":120,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S0954579416000432"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0954579416000432","relation":{},"ISSN":["0954-5794","1469-2198"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0954-5794","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-2198","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,13]]}}}