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In this study, serological evidence of exposure to human herpesvirus <jats:italic>Herpes simplex<\/jats:italic> virus Type 1 (HSV-1), cytomegalovirus (CMV), and Epstein\u2013Barr virus (EBV) as well as <jats:italic>Toxoplasma gondii<\/jats:italic> was determined in childhood (age ~11 years) in 395 sons and 174 daughters of fathers with or without SUD. Its relationships with a cognitive characteristic (IQ) in childhood and with risk for SUD in adulthood were examined using correlation, regression, survival, and path analyses. Exposure to HSV-1, EBV, and <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic> in males and females, and CMV in males, was associated with lower IQ. Independent of that relationship, EBV in females and possibly in males, and CMV and possibly HSV-1 in females were associated with elevated risk for SUD. Therefore, childhood neurotropic infections may influence cognitive development and risk for behavior disorders such as SUD. The results may point to new avenues for alleviating cognitive impairment and SUD risk.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0954579417000529","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,19]],"date-time":"2017-04-19T01:50:40Z","timestamp":1492566640000},"page":"143-152","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Association of cognitive function and liability to addiction with childhood herpesvirus infections: A prospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Michael M.","family":"Vanyukov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vishwajit L.","family":"Nimgaonkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Levent","family":"Kirisci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Galina P.","family":"Kirillova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maureen D.","family":"Reynolds","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Konasale","family":"Prasad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ralph E.","family":"Tarter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert H.","family":"Yolken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0954579417000529_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2003.10.008"},{"key":"S0954579417000529_ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.2006.163.12.2134"},{"key":"S0954579417000529_ref47","unstructured":"NIH. 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