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In a quasi-experimental design, we prospectively examined associations between disaster-related prenatal stress, maternal mental health symptoms, and infant temperament outcomes. Mothers who were pregnant during Hurricane Harvey (\n                    <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 527) reported on objective hardships (e.g., loss of belongings or income, evacuation, home flooding) related to the storm and subsequent mental health symptoms (anxiety\/depression, posttraumatic stress) across time. At a postpartum assessment, mothers reported on their infant\u2019s temperament (negative affect, positive affect, orienting\/regulatory capacity). Greater objective hardship indirectly predicted higher levels of infant orienting\/regulatory capacity through its association with increased maternal posttraumatic stress symptoms. Greater objective hardship also indirectly predicted higher levels of infant negative affect through its association with increased maternal anxiety\/depression symptoms across time. Our findings suggest a psychological mechanism linking prenatal stress with specific temperamental characteristics via maternal mental health symptoms. Findings point to the importance of high-quality assessment and mental health services for vulnerable women and young children.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0954579423000160","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,20]],"date-time":"2023-04-20T17:52:41Z","timestamp":1682013161000},"page":"893-907","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Maternal mental health mediates the effect of prenatal stress on infant temperament: The Harvey Mom Study"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2062-5879","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rebecca","family":"Lipschutz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paulina 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