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This study examined distinct trajectories of depressive symptoms among rural low-income mothers during the first five years of their child\u2019s life, at 6, 15, 24, and 58 months, using data from the Family Life Project (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic> = 1,292). Latent class growth analysis identified four distinct trajectories of maternal depressive symptoms, including <jats:italic>Low-decreasing<\/jats:italic> (50%; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 622), <jats:italic>Low-increasing<\/jats:italic> (26%; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 324), <jats:italic>Moderate-decreasing<\/jats:italic> (13%; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 156), and <jats:italic>Moderate-increasing<\/jats:italic> (11%; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 131) trajectories. Multinomial logistic regression demonstrated that higher perceived financial strain and intimate partner violence, and lower social support predicted higher-risk trajectories (<jats:italic>Low-increasing<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Moderate-decreasing<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Moderate-increasing)<\/jats:italic> relative to the <jats:italic>Low-decreasing<\/jats:italic> trajectory. Compared to the <jats:italic>Low-decreasing<\/jats:italic> trajectory, lower neighborhood safety\/quietness predicted to the <jats:italic>Low-increasing<\/jats:italic> trajectory. Moreover, lower social support predicted the <jats:italic>Moderate-increasing<\/jats:italic> trajectory, the highest-risk trajectory, compared to those in <jats:italic>Moderate-decreasing<\/jats:italic>. The current analyses underscore the heterogeneity on patterns of depressive symptoms among rural, low-income mothers, and that the role of both proximal and broader contexts contributing to distinct trajectories of maternal depressive symptoms over early childhood.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0954579424000117","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,2]],"date-time":"2024-04-02T05:53:33Z","timestamp":1712037213000},"page":"515-528","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Trajectories of maternal depressive symptoms from infancy through early childhood: The roles of perceived financial strain, social support, and intimate partner violence"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6123-7579","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seulki","family":"Ku","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denise 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