{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T10:06:35Z","timestamp":1790762795096,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790726400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Dev Psychopathol"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted family routines, economic security, and caregiving contexts, with potential consequences for children\u2019s mental health. However, less is known about heterogeneity in preschool children\u2019s changes in internalizing and externalizing symptoms from before to during the pandemic and about how pandemic-related family disruptions predicted these transitions. This study examined symptom transitions among 2,601 preschool children from the Singapore Longitudinal Early Development Study, using pre-pandemic data from 2018\u20132019 and during-pandemic data from 2021 (\n                    <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>\n                    age = 4.92 years,\n                    <jats:italic>SD<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 1.18; 50.17% girls). Latent profile analysis identified three groups at both waves: low, mild, and severe symptoms. Random intercept latent transition analysis revealed four transition patterns: stable low symptoms (63.40%), worsening symptoms (22.30%), stable mild symptoms (6.23%), and improved symptoms (7.73%). Compared with the stable low symptoms group, older children and those from families negatively impacted by the pandemic in work and family function were more likely to experience stable mild or worsening symptoms. Ethnic differences were also observed, and pandemic-related financial stress was associated with both worsening and improved symptom patterns. These findings highlight heterogeneous symptom transitions among preschool children and underscore the importance of considering demographic characteristics and family-level disruptions when supporting children\u2019s mental health following large-scale crises.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0954579426101941","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T09:47:36Z","timestamp":1790761656000},"page":"1-12","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Transitions in preschool children\u2019s internalizing and externalizing symptoms before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: The role of family disruptions in Singapore"],"prefix":"10.1017","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6383-6129","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02zhqgq86","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"The University of Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ziru","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02zhqgq86","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"The University of Hong 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Published by Cambridge University Press","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}]}}