{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T09:41:20Z","timestamp":1790761280342,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1999,9,1]],"date-time":"1999-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":936144000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dev Psychopathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Recent studies have focused on the behavioral and neurobiological sequella of exposure to\nearly adverse events. We hypothesize that early adverse experiences result in an increased\nsensitivity to the effects of stress later in life and render an individual vulnerable to stress-related\npsychiatric disorders. This vulnerability may be mediated by persistent changes in\ncorticotropin-releasing-factor (CRF)-containing neurons, the\nhypothalamic\u2013pituitary\u2013adrenal axis, and the sympathetic nervous system. We\ntherefore present an overview of the CRF system and its role as a mediator in the development of\nthe stress response, major depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder. The literature pertaining\nto behavioral and neurobiological alterations associated with exposure to early adverse life events\nin rodents, nonhuman primates, and humans is reviewed. We focus on animal models that\nprecipitate depressive and anxiety symptoms while producing neuroendocrine alterations that\nmimic those seen in adults with those disorders. The literature integrating neurobiological and\nbehavioral consequences of early life stress is also reviewed, focusing primarily on infants born\nto mothers with depression and on infants who were abused or neglected.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0954579499002205","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T13:45:41Z","timestamp":1027777541000},"page":"545-565","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":153,"title":["The effects of neonatal stress on brain development:\nImplications for psychopathology"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"YOLANDA P.","family":"GRAHAM","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"CHRISTINE","family":"HEIM","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"SHERRYL H.","family":"GOODMAN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"ANDREW H.","family":"MILLER","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"CHARLES B.","family":"NEMEROFF","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1999,9,1]]},"container-title":["Development and Psychopathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0954579499002205","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,7]],"date-time":"2019-04-07T19:26:50Z","timestamp":1554665210000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0954579499002205\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1999,9]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S0954579499002205"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0954579499002205","relation":{},"ISSN":["0954-5794","1469-2198"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0954-5794","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-2198","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1999,9]]}}}