{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T18:36:57Z","timestamp":1789929417471,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,20]],"date-time":"2017-06-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1497916800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":19,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Zygote"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study was conducted to determine the efficacy of preserved and fresh pituitary extract of <jats:italic>Clarias gariepinus<\/jats:italic> (Burchell, 1822) to induced spawning in the same species. Growth performance of fry was also monitored for 15 days to determine the possible effect of natural hormone treatment on the fry. Pituitary glands (PG) were obtained from 12 male broodstocks, six extracted PG were preserved in 96% ethanol 24 h before injection, while the other were extracted and used in their fresh state. The PG solutions (1 g ml<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> of saline water) were injected at 1 ml kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> of the female broodstock. Ovaprim<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup> (a synthetic hormone) was used as the control and administered at a rate of 0.5 ml kg <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> of fish. After a uniform latency period of 9 h 30 min, fish were striped, fertilized, incubated and the performance evaluated. Results obtained revealed better hatching performance using Ovaprim<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup> synthetic hormone (64.52%), however, preserved PG gave better hatchability (59.74%) than fresh PG extract (51.39%). After 15 days of feeding <jats:italic>ad libitum<\/jats:italic> with shell-free <jats:italic>Artemia<\/jats:italic> cysts, the growth of fry spawn with preserved PG was comparable with that of the control, while least performance was observed using the fresh PG. It was concluded that preservation of PG in ethanol 24 h before injection had a positive effect on breeding performance and could be exploited in the commercial production of <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>gariepinus<\/jats:italic> fingerlings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0967199417000247","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,20]],"date-time":"2017-06-20T05:37:47Z","timestamp":1497937067000},"page":"376-382","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Spawning performance of <i>Clarias gariepinus<\/i> (Burchell, 1822) induced with ethanol preserved and fresh catfish pituitary extract"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"V.T.","family":"Okomoda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.O.","family":"Tiamiyu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Kwaghger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0967199417000247_ref024","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3354\/meps285169"},{"key":"S0967199417000247_ref014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-7345.1992.tb00762.x"},{"key":"S0967199417000247_ref016","first-page":"70","volume-title":"Early Life History of Marine Fish. 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Sci."},{"key":"S0967199417000247_ref031","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1577\/1548-8640(1997)059<0173:EORDUC>2.3.CO;2"},{"key":"S0967199417000247_ref028","first-page":"213","article-title":"Spawning performance of Cyprinus carpio administered serially diluted doses of Ovaprim","volume":"52","author":"Solomon","year":"2015","journal-title":"Fish. Technol."},{"key":"S0967199417000247_ref027","first-page":"683","volume-title":"Induced Spawning of Clarias macrocephalus (G\u00fcnther); The First Asian Fisheries Forum","author":"Saidin","year":"1986"},{"key":"S0967199417000247_ref025","unstructured":"Rottmann R.W. , Shireman J.V. & Chapman F.A. (1991). Introduction to Hormone-induced Spawning of Fish. 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Sci."},{"key":"S0967199417000247_ref026","first-page":"221","article-title":"The hormone induced ovulation and spawning of the Australian freshwater fish gold perch","volume":"35","author":"Rowland","year":"1983","journal-title":"Machuaria ambigua"},{"key":"S0967199417000247_ref021","first-page":"57","article-title":"Comparative studies on the hatchability, performance and survival rate of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) larval produced: using ovaprim and catfish pituitary extract hormones","volume":"3","author":"Olaniyi","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Biol. Agric. Healthc."},{"key":"S0967199417000247_ref008","unstructured":"Boyd C.E. (1997). Effect of ammonia in the water of the culturable Clarias gariepinus. International Centre for Aquaculture, Agriculture Experiment Station. 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