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In addition, blocking of ERK signalling in 8-cell-stage mouse embryos leads to ablation of GATA4\/6 expression in hypoblasts, suggesting fibroblast growth factor (FGF) dependence of hypoblast formation in the mouse. In human, bovine or porcine embryos, the hypoblast remains unaffected or displays slight-to-moderate reduction in cell number. In this study, we demonstrated that segregation of the hypoblast and the epiblast in rabbit embryos is FGF independent and 2i treatment elicits only a limited reinforcement in favour of OCT4-positive epiblast populations against the GATA4-\/6-positive hypoblast population. It has been previously shown that TGF\u03b2\/Activin A inhibition overcomes the pervasive differentiation and inhomogeneity of rat iPSCs, rat ESCs and human iPSCs while prompting them to acquire na\u00efve properties. However, TGF\u03b2\/Activin A inhibition, alone or together with Rho-associated, coiled-coil containing protein kinase (ROCK) inhibition, was not compatible with the viability of rabbit embryos according to the ultrastructural analysis of preimplantation rabbit embryos by electron microscopy. In rabbit models ovulation upon mating allows the precise timing of progression of the pregnancy. It produces several embryos of the desired stage in one pregnancy and a relatively short gestation period, making the rabbit embryo a suitable model to discover the cellular functions and mechanisms of maintenance of pluripotency in embryonic cells and the embryo-derived stem cells of other mammals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0967199419000753","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,20]],"date-time":"2020-03-20T05:21:11Z","timestamp":1584681671000},"page":"183-190","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["The effect of dual inhibition of Ras\u2013MEK\u2013ERK and GSK3\u03b2 pathways on development of<i>in vitro<\/i>cultured rabbit 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