{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T18:39:35Z","timestamp":1792521575679,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,11]],"date-time":"2024-11-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731283200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":41,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Zygote"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>In Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART), efficient sperm preparation is vital for successful fertilization, with washing media enhancing the process. This pilot study examines the molecular-level impact of a new serotonin-containing sperm-washing medium (Prototype) on sperm motility and ROS metabolism, comparing it with commercially available media (Origio and Irvine). Semen samples from thirty-one individuals underwent preparation using the swim-up method post-semen analysis. Each sample was separately washed with the Prototype, Origio and Irvine mediums. ROS formation was determined through flow cytometric, and AT2R and PRDX2 protein levels, associated with sperm motility, were assessed via Western blot. Statistical evaluation compared the findings among the three outlined media. Significant differences were found among three washing media in terms of total and progressive motility. The Prototype medium showed the highest increase in both total (66%) and progressive motility (59%), while the control group exhibited the lowest increases (41% and 27.7%, respectively). Regarding ROS levels, the prototype (11.5%) and Origio (10.7%) groups demonstrated a notable decrease, contrasting with Irvine (25.8%). Molecular assessment revealed a significant elevation in AT2R protein levels in the prototype medium (59%), compared to other media. Additionally, an increase in PRDX2 protein levels was observed in the prototype medium, although this didn\u2019t reach statistical significance. Serotonin-activated washing media for sperm preparation can be a suitable choice for selecting high-quality sperm in ART. A broader molecular analysis with a larger sample size is required to explore the mechanisms and effectiveness of using a serotonin-containing sperm-washing medium in routine ART.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0967199424000406","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,11]],"date-time":"2024-11-11T09:39:20Z","timestamp":1731317960000},"page":"396-404","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Investigation of the effect of serotonin-activated semen washing medium on sperm motility at the molecular level: a pilot study"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4543-8244","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elnaz","family":"Moshfeghi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2190-073X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yasemin","family":"Yilmazer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sinem","family":"Dogan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Turgut","family":"Aydin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Necati","family":"Findikli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6858-7045","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tulin","family":"Ozbek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0967199424000406_ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/16.6.1110"},{"key":"S0967199424000406_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dew016","article-title":"Revised guidelines for good practice in IVF laboratories (2015)","volume":"31","author":"De Los Santos","year":"2016","journal-title":"Human Reproduction"},{"key":"S0967199424000406_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/and.13012"},{"key":"S0967199424000406_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2003.035568"},{"key":"S0967199424000406_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0703570"},{"key":"S0967199424000406_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0967199412000263"},{"key":"S0967199424000406_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0967199421000587"},{"key":"S0967199424000406_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmx022"},{"key":"S0967199424000406_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24054765"},{"key":"S0967199424000406_ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0967199419000030"},{"key":"S0967199424000406_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/mgme.1997.2673"},{"key":"S0967199424000406_ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0967199424000029"},{"key":"S0967199424000406_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-11-0074"},{"key":"S0967199424000406_ref39","first-page":"309","article-title":"Energy metabolism and sperm function","volume":"65","author":"Miki","year":"2007","journal-title":"Society of Reproduction and Fertility supplement"},{"key":"S0967199424000406_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19396368.2018.1472825"},{"key":"S0967199424000406_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5653\/cerm.2015.42.1.22"},{"key":"S0967199424000406_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10123566"},{"key":"S0967199424000406_ref44","first-page":"1","article-title":"Peroxiredoxins: Hidden players in the antioxidant defence of human spermatozoa","volume":"24","author":"O\u2019Flaherty","year":"2014","journal-title":"Basic and Clinical Andrology"},{"key":"S0967199424000406_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2007-2616"},{"key":"S0967199424000406_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7827-1-108"},{"key":"S0967199424000406_ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2019.00298"},{"key":"S0967199424000406_ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms8101492"},{"key":"S0967199424000406_ref6","first-page":"158","article-title":"Pharmacology of free radicals and the impact of reactive oxygen species on the testis","volume":"14","author":"Aprioku","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Reproduction and Infertility"},{"key":"S0967199424000406_ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani12192534"},{"key":"S0967199424000406_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2010.03.022"},{"key":"S0967199424000406_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21217943"},{"key":"S0967199424000406_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2605.1991.tb01101.x"},{"key":"S0967199424000406_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14348\/molcells.2016.2351"},{"key":"S0967199424000406_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jez.1789"},{"key":"S0967199424000406_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.103.026054"},{"key":"S0967199424000406_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2013.03.058"},{"key":"S0967199424000406_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2005.12.026"},{"key":"S0967199424000406_ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0968-0004(02)00003-8"},{"key":"S0967199424000406_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-14-0240"},{"key":"S0967199424000406_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00120-010-2466-6"},{"key":"S0967199424000406_ref16","first-page":"10","article-title":"Assessing the efficacy of a novel sperm-washing medium enriched with serotonin, L-carnitine, and coenzyme Q10: a prospective cohort study","author":"Dogan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Asian Journal of Andrology"},{"key":"S0967199424000406_ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms13792"},{"key":"S0967199424000406_ref19","first-page":"103","article-title":"Effects of ascorbic acid on sperm motility, viability, acrosome reaction and DNA integrity in teratozoospermic samples","volume":"12","author":"Fanaei","year":"2014","journal-title":"Iranian Journal of Reproductive Medicine"},{"key":"S0967199424000406_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.gco.0000193003.58158.4e"},{"key":"S0967199424000406_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000063682"},{"key":"S0967199424000406_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2015.11.004"},{"key":"S0967199424000406_ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10571-021-01064-9"},{"key":"S0967199424000406_ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.1039553"},{"key":"S0967199424000406_ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.1440369"},{"key":"S0967199424000406_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s43043-022-00094-7"},{"key":"S0967199424000406_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.med.60.042307.110802"},{"key":"S0967199424000406_ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.103.4.999"},{"key":"S0967199424000406_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.24126\/jobrc.2017.11.2.519"},{"key":"S0967199424000406_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-12-0145"},{"key":"S0967199424000406_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.4103\/aja.aja_132_19","article-title":"Fluorescent probes for the detection of reactive oxygen species in human spermatozoa","volume":"22","author":"Escada-Rebelo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Asian Journal of Andrology"},{"key":"S0967199424000406_ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/der232"},{"key":"S0967199424000406_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox9020134"},{"key":"S0967199424000406_ref56","first-page":"323","article-title":"Distribution and function of angiotensin II receptors in mouse spermatozoa","volume":"31","author":"Wennemuth","year":"1999","journal-title":"Andrologia"},{"key":"S0967199424000406_ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/biolre\/ioz032"},{"key":"S0967199424000406_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2015.11.019"},{"key":"S0967199424000406_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0967199416000150"},{"key":"S0967199424000406_ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2164\/jandrol.107.004614"},{"key":"S0967199424000406_ref18","first-page":"206","article-title":"Comparison of two sperm processing techniques for low complexity assisted fertilization: Sperm washing followed by swim-up and discontinuous density gradient centrifugation","volume":"20","author":"F\u00e1cio","year":"2016","journal-title":"Jornal Brasileiro de Reproducao Assistida"},{"key":"S0967199424000406_ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/626374"},{"key":"S0967199424000406_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5534\/wjmh.2014.32.1.1"},{"key":"S0967199424000406_ref20","first-page":"10","article-title":"Effects of oxidative stress on spermatozoa and male infertility","author":"Fang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Free Radical Medicine and Biology"}],"container-title":["Zygote"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0967199424000406","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,21]],"date-time":"2024-11-21T10:13:48Z","timestamp":1732184028000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0967199424000406\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S0967199424000406"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0967199424000406","relation":{},"ISSN":["0967-1994","1469-8730"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0967-1994","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-8730","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"\u00a9 The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}}]}}