{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T04:18:23Z","timestamp":1778818703268,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,19]],"date-time":"2008-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1219104000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":2971,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cardiol Young"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>There is less certainty about the recommendations for radio-frequency ablation as a therapeutic option for Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome in children as opposed to adults because of the different natural history and the age-related risks of ablation. To help decision-making, we evaluated the long term clinical evolution and electrophysiologic characteristics of pre-excitation in our series of children and young adults. We reviewed the clinical course of 109 patients below the age of 18 years who had been followed up over a period of 9+4 years, with a range from one to 27 years. This corresponded to 986 patient-years. We examined also the electrophysiologic data from 98 of those patients who underwent a transesophageal study.<\/jats:p><jats:p>At the discovery of pre-excitation, 59% of patients were asymptomatic, while 29% developed supraventricular tachycardia during follow-up. The peak incidence of the onset of supraventricular tachycardia occurred during infancy. These patients had the highest incidence of subsequent spontaneous disappearance of the tachycardia (53%), such a favourable evolution being encountered in only 12% of patients in whom the abnormal rhythm first appeared after 12 years of age. Chronic medical treatment was required in 47% of patients, and proved completely effective in 45% of cases. The potential to induce atrial fibrillation, and the incidence pre-excitation considered to be high risk, with the shortest pre-excited RR interval equal to or less than 220msec, was lowest in the group of patients aged less than 6 years of age, and highest in those older than 12 years of age (p &lt;0.001). Pathways producing arrhythmia with high risk were more common in symptomatic (29%) than in asymptomatic patients (7%) (p&lt;0.001). No mortality occurred. On the basis of our findings, we suggest that ablation should be avoided before the age of 5 or 6 years. Thereafter, the procedure should become the first line of treatment for symptomatic patients older than 12 years of age.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1047951100009677","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,31]],"date-time":"2008-08-31T20:03:34Z","timestamp":1220213014000},"page":"367-375","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Clinical and electrophysiologic evolution of the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome in children: impact on approaches to management"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Gabriele","family":"Vignati","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Balla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luigi","family":"Mauri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maurizio","family":"Lunati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Figini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1047951100009677_ref039","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.90.1.492"},{"key":"S1047951100009677_ref038","first-page":"1481","article-title":"Radiofrequency catheter ablation for parxysomal 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