{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T19:43:38Z","timestamp":1788896618496,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,20]],"date-time":"2010-09-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1284940800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cardiol Young"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S1047951110001009_abs1\" sec-type=\"general\">\n\t    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>To determine the outcome of dilated cardiomyopathy presenting in childhood and the features that might be useful for prognostic stratification.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S1047951110001009_abs2\" sec-type=\"methods\">\n\t    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>Retrospective study of 41 consecutive children affected by dilated cardiomyopathy \u2013 aged 0\u201314 years; median 33.4 plus or minus 49.25 \u2013 between 1993 and 2008. We reviewed the medical history to determine age at diagnosis, family history, previous viral illness, aetiology, symptoms and signs at presentation, treatment, and outcome. The diagnosis was made on the basis of cardiomegaly and evidence of poor left ventricular function by echocardiography. We also carried out a metabolic evaluation including blood lactate, pyruvate, carnitine, amino acids, urine organic acids, assessment of respiratory chain enzymes, and analysis of histopathological material. Survival curves were constructed by the Kaplan\u2013Meier method.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S1047951110001009_abs3\" sec-type=\"results\">\n\t    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>Follow-up ranged from 10 days to 162 months \u2013 median 45.25 plus or minus 41.15 months. Freedom from death or cardiac transplantation was 68.3% at 5 years. The primary end-point of death\/cardiac transplantation was associated with the need for intravenous inotropic support. A trend towards a poorer prognosis was found for age at diagnosis of more than 5 years and for a metabolic aetiology of dilated cardiomyopathy. For the children affected by cardiomyopathy as part of a multi-system involvement, mortality was 50%.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S1047951110001009_abs4\" sec-type=\"conclusion\">\n\t    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>In children, dilated cardiomyopathy is a diverse disorder with outcomes that depend on cause, age, and cardiac failure status at presentation. Overt cardiac failure at presentation is a major prognostic factor for death or cardiac transplantation. Older age at presentation and metabolic aetiology may be associated with a poorer prognosis.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1047951110001009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,20]],"date-time":"2010-09-20T10:30:42Z","timestamp":1284978642000},"page":"680-685","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Dilated cardiomyopathy presenting in childhood: aetiology, diagnostic approach, and clinical course"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Valentina","family":"Gesuete","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Ragni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Prandstraller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guido","family":"Oppido","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Formigari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaetano D.","family":"Gargiulo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernando M.","family":"Picchio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1047951110001009_manual_ref-3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a009291","article-title":"Epidemiology of idiopathic cardiomyopathies in children and adolescences. A nationwide study in Finland","volume":"146","author":"Arola","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"S1047951110001009_manual_ref-1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehm342"},{"key":"S1047951110001009_manual_ref-12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.72.3.246"},{"key":"S1047951110001009_manual_ref-13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.296.15.1867"},{"key":"S1047951110001009_manual_ref-8","volume-title":"Moss and Adams. Heart Disease in Infants, Children and Adolescents Including the Fetus and Young Adult","author":"Allen","year":"2008"},{"key":"S1047951110001009_manual_ref-17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.635128"},{"key":"S1047951110001009_manual_ref-16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-0718"},{"key":"S1047951110001009_manual_ref-10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1126","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(85)80319-3","article-title":"Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy in the young: clinical profile and natural history","volume":"6","author":"Talercio","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"S1047951110001009_manual_ref-7","first-page":"623","article-title":"Metabolic aspect of myocardial disease and a role for L-carnitine in the treatment of childhood cardiomyopathy","volume":"106","author":"Helton","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"S1047951110001009_manual_ref-2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004728-200309000-00009"},{"key":"S1047951110001009_manual_ref-5","first-page":"839","article-title":"Aspetti clinici della cardiomiopatia dilatativa in et\u00e0 pediatrica","volume":"35","author":"Caso","year":"1990","journal-title":"Cardiologia"},{"key":"S1047951110001009_manual_ref-18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.72.4.360","article-title":"Role of right ventricular endomyocardial biopsy in infants and children with suspected or possible myocarditis","volume":"72","author":"Webber","year":"1994","journal-title":"Br Heart J"},{"key":"S1047951110001009_manual_ref-4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1519","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2006-0163","article-title":"Factor associated with establishing a causal diagnosis for children with cardiomyopathy","volume":"118","author":"Cox","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"S1047951110001009_manual_ref-15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2006-1866"},{"key":"S1047951110001009_manual_ref-6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.2143\/AC.61.2.2014330","article-title":"Dilated cardiomyopathy in childhood: prognostic features and outcome","volume":"61","author":"Bostan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Acta Cardiol"},{"key":"S1047951110001009_manual_ref-9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.2003.020966"},{"key":"S1047951110001009_manual_ref-14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2008.00957.x"},{"key":"S1047951110001009_manual_ref-11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(88)90179-9"}],"container-title":["Cardiology in the Young"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S1047951110001009","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,21]],"date-time":"2025-06-21T08:02:05Z","timestamp":1750492925000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S1047951110001009\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,20]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S1047951110001009"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s1047951110001009","relation":{},"ISSN":["1047-9511","1467-1107"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1047-9511","type":"print"},{"value":"1467-1107","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,20]]}}}