{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T19:57:44Z","timestamp":1792180664464,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,4]],"date-time":"2011-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1320364800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cardiol Young"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S1047951111001521_abs1\" sec-type=\"general\"><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To describe the evolution of ventricular septal defects in infants from intra-uterine diagnosis to the age of 3 years or until documented echocardiographic closure of the defect, as well as any relationship between closure rate, time and foetal echocardiographic features.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1047951111001521_abs2\" sec-type=\"methods\"><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Between January, 2004 and December, 2006, 268 cases of congenital cardiac defect were detected in 14,993 pregnancies referred to our hospital for routine foetal echocardiography; of these cases, 125 had isolated ventricular septal defect. The mothers were scheduled for regular ultrasonography every 2 weeks from diagnosis until the ventricular septal defect closed or 3 years postnatally.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1047951111001521_abs3\" sec-type=\"results\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of the 125 cases of ventricular septal defects, the pregnancy was terminated in 25, four resulted in death, two defects closed spontaneously<jats:italic>in utero<\/jats:italic>, 55 closed at a mean age of 13.7 months postnatally, 17 were treated with surgery, nine remained unclosed, and 13 cases were lost to follow-up. Only 7.7% of muscular ventricular septal defects remained patent as compared with 35.7% of perimembranous ventricular septal defects (p is less than 0.01). Muscular ventricular septal defects closed earlier than perimembranous ventricular septal defects. All the ventricular septal defects less than or equal to 3 millimetres closed, whereas only 79.5% of the defects greater than 3 millimetres closed before the age of 3 years; 60.9% of the defects less than or equal to 3 millimetres closed before the age of 1 year as compared with 41.7% of the defects greater than 3 millimetres. The velocity of right-to-left flow was negatively correlated with closure rate but not related to closure period.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1047951111001521_abs4\" sec-type=\"conclusion\"><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ventricular septal defects can close<jats:italic>in utero<\/jats:italic>or during the postnatal period, and both the size and site play a role in the natural history, with small and muscular ventricular septal defects having a high closure rate and early closure.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1047951111001521","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,4]],"date-time":"2011-11-04T10:07:03Z","timestamp":1320401223000},"page":"323-326","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Natural history of prenatal ventricular septal defects and their association with foetal echocardiographic features"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Youpeng","family":"Jin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aiyun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yulin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuemei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoming","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1047951111001521_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.1973.04160020028005"},{"key":"S1047951111001521_ref1","first-page":"565","volume-title":"Paediatric Cardiology","author":"Anderson","year":"1987"},{"key":"S1047951111001521_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00797004"},{"key":"S1047951111001521_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7863\/jum.2008.27.5.715"},{"key":"S1047951111001521_ref2","unstructured":"2. Ferencz C , Rubin DJ , Loffredo AC , et al. Epidemiology of Congenital Heart Disease, The Baltimore\u2013Washington Infant Study 1981\u201389. Perspectives in Pediatric Cardiology, vol. 4. Mount Kisco Futura Publishing Co., New York, 1993, pp 31\u201333."},{"key":"S1047951111001521_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(65)90047-0"},{"key":"S1047951111001521_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-010-1493-2"},{"key":"S1047951111001521_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.2716"},{"key":"S1047951111001521_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1469-0705.2000.00202.x"},{"key":"S1047951111001521_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.63.2.204","article-title":"Spontaneous closure of small ventricular septal defects: ten-year follow-up","volume":"63","author":"Alpert","year":"1979","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"S1047951111001521_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.101.10.e93"}],"container-title":["Cardiology in the Young"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S1047951111001521","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,14]],"date-time":"2021-12-14T19:15:42Z","timestamp":1639509342000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S1047951111001521\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,4]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S1047951111001521"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s1047951111001521","relation":{},"ISSN":["1047-9511","1467-1107"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1047-9511","type":"print"},{"value":"1467-1107","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,4]]}}}