{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T01:23:19Z","timestamp":1779326599272,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"S2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,13]],"date-time":"2011-12-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1323734400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cardiol Young"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>In utero diagnosis of complex progressive cardiac disease such as hypoplastic left heart syndrome presents a novel opportunity for antepartum, intrapartum, and neonatal management. The clinical possibilities and potential for differing outcomes challenge the mother\u2013foetus dyad with regard to informed consent. Previous studies reveal that rates of termination of pregnancy for foetuses with hypoplastic left heart syndrome vary widely in the United States and Europe, leading us to surmise that informed consent may be practised differently. The purpose of this paper is to review the ethical considerations and physician responsibilities of informed consent as they relate to prenatal and postnatal patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome. Special consideration is paid to the informed consent process as practised by the obstetrician, perinatologist, paediatric cardiologist, and paediatric cardiac surgeon as it relates to termination of pregnancy, comfort care, and surgical palliation. We will argue that informed consent as it relates to hypoplastic left heart syndrome is far from standardised and that there exists a state of<jats:italic>bioethical equipoise<\/jats:italic>concerning the extent and limits of its application in the current clinical setting.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1047951111001715","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,13]],"date-time":"2011-12-13T09:24:41Z","timestamp":1323768281000},"page":"133-140","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Informed consent,<i>bioethical equipoise<\/i>, and hypoplastic left heart syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Constantine","family":"Mavroudis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Constantine D.","family":"Mavroudis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ruth M.","family":"Farrell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marshall L.","family":"Jacobs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey P.","family":"Jacobs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eric D.","family":"Kodish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1047951111001715_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1047951104006286"},{"key":"S1047951111001715_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2009.11.014"},{"key":"S1047951111001715_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2009.03.091"},{"key":"S1047951111001715_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2010.07.049"},{"key":"S1047951111001715_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1747-0803.2009.00365.x"},{"key":"S1047951111001715_ref35","unstructured":"35. Gifted RIT\/NTID student gives hope, life, to others. Available at: http:\/\/deafroc.com\/2011\/01\/04\/gifted-ritntid-student-gives-hope-life-to-others\/. Accessed April 28, 2011."},{"key":"S1047951111001715_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2009.07.079"},{"key":"S1047951111001715_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1047951110000971"},{"key":"S1047951111001715_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2010.02.004"},{"key":"S1047951111001715_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2009.03.008"},{"key":"S1047951111001715_ref23","unstructured":"23. Hirsch J . Ethical considerations associated with caring for patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome. Session one: Comfort care in the setting of improved techniques: Comfort care is no longer an option (Point counterpoint). Presented at the 11th Annual International Symposium on Congenital Heart Disease, St. Petersburg, Florida, February 10\u201313, 2011."},{"key":"S1047951111001715_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.162.9.849"},{"key":"S1047951111001715_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.pcsu.2004.02.003"},{"key":"S1047951111001715_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1353\/hcr.0.0211"},{"key":"S1047951111001715_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2007.06.079"},{"key":"S1047951111001715_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.81.5.1520"},{"key":"S1047951111001715_ref15","volume-title":"The Nicomachean Ethics, Book III","author":"Aristotle","year":"1954"},{"key":"S1047951111001715_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.04.002"},{"key":"S1047951111001715_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.2008.160739"},{"key":"S1047951111001715_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.2007.138420"},{"key":"S1047951111001715_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.848994"},{"key":"S1047951111001715_ref8","first-page":"311","article-title":"Heart transplantation in neonates and in children","volume":"11","author":"Backer","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transplant"},{"key":"S1047951111001715_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"912","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(19)35159-1","article-title":"Infant orthotopic cardiac transplantation","volume":"96","author":"Mavroudis","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"S1047951111001715_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.pcsu.2011.01.004"},{"key":"S1047951111001715_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-4975(91)90978-Y"},{"key":"S1047951111001715_ref4","unstructured":"4. Salgo v. Leland Stanford Jr University Board of Trustees (154 Cal. App. 3d 560, 317 P.2d 170 [1957])."},{"key":"S1047951111001715_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3089.2004.00190.x"},{"key":"S1047951111001715_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780195126778.003.0023","volume-title":"Informed Consent: Legal Theory and Clinical Practice","author":"Berg","year":"2001"},{"key":"S1047951111001715_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.2803"},{"key":"S1047951111001715_ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0912461"},{"key":"S1047951111001715_ref44","first-page":"85","article-title":"[Surgical treatment of hypoplastic left heart syndrome: limited success]","volume":"145","author":"Plantinga","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd"},{"key":"S1047951111001715_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-0516"},{"key":"S1047951111001715_ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198707163170304"},{"key":"S1047951111001715_ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.6355"},{"key":"S1047951111001715_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clp.2009.03.007"},{"key":"S1047951111001715_ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1754.2007.01265.x"},{"key":"S1047951111001715_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7812\/TPP\/04-012","volume-title":"The Anatomy of Hope: How People Prevail in the Face of Illness","author":"Groopman","year":"2004"},{"key":"S1047951111001715_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2009-1678"},{"key":"S1047951111001715_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.siny.2005.08.002"},{"key":"S1047951111001715_ref2","first-page":"786","article-title":"Rethinking maternal-fetal conflict: gender and equality in perinatal ethics","volume":"96","author":"Harris","year":"2000","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"S1047951111001715_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrcardio.2010.99"},{"key":"S1047951111001715_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clp.2009.03.002"},{"key":"S1047951111001715_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-2724"},{"key":"S1047951111001715_ref34","unstructured":"34. 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Personal communication, January 2011."},{"key":"S1047951111001715_ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.707"},{"key":"S1047951111001715_ref30","first-page":"159","article-title":"Children's health and their mothers\u2019 risk of divorce or separation","volume":"44","author":"Joesch","year":"1997","journal-title":"Soc Biol"},{"key":"S1047951111001715_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511814600"},{"key":"S1047951111001715_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.870246"},{"key":"S1047951111001715_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00246-006-0013-4"},{"key":"S1047951111001715_ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jme.2010.040212"}],"container-title":["Cardiology in the Young"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S1047951111001715","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,19]],"date-time":"2021-12-19T22:22:24Z","timestamp":1639952544000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S1047951111001715\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,13]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"S2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,13]]}},"alternative-id":["S1047951111001715"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s1047951111001715","relation":{},"ISSN":["1047-9511","1467-1107"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1047-9511","type":"print"},{"value":"1467-1107","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,13]]}}}