{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T23:05:52Z","timestamp":1792451152123,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,28]],"date-time":"2015-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1430179200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cardiol Young"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S1047951115000566_abs1\" sec-type=\"general\"><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cardiopulmonary bypass is associated with systemic inflammatory response. Steroids suppress this response, although the therapeutic evidence remains controversial. We hypothesised that intravenous steroids in children undergoing open-heart surgery would decrease inflammation leading to better early post-operative outcomes. We conducted a randomised controlled trial to evaluate the trends in the levels of immunomodulators and their effects on clinical parameters.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1047951115000566_abs2\" sec-type=\"general\"><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To assess the effects of intravenous steroids on early post-operative inflammatory markers and clinical parameters in children undergoing open-heart surgery.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1047951115000566_abs3\" sec-type=\"materialsandmethods\"><jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A randomised controlled trial involving 152 patients, from one month up to 18 years of age, who underwent open-heart surgery for congenital heart disease from April 2010\u20132012 was carried out. Patients were randomised and administered either three scheduled intravenous pulse doses of dexamethasone (1 mg\/kg) or placebo. Blood samples were drawn at four time intervals and serum levels of inflammatory cytokines \u2013 Interleukin-6, 8, 10, 18, and tumour necrosis factor-alpha \u2013 were measured. Clinical parameters were also assessed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1047951115000566_abs4\" sec-type=\"results\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Blood cytokine levels were compared between the dexamethasone (n=65) and placebo (n=64) groups. Interleukin-6 levels were lower at 6 and 24 hours post-operatively (p&lt;0.001), and Interleukin-10 levels were higher 6 hours post-operatively (p&lt;0.001) in the steroid group. Interleukin-8, 18, and tumour necrosis factor-alpha levels did not differ between the groups at any time intervals. The clinical parameters were similar in both the groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1047951115000566_abs5\" sec-type=\"conclusion\"><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Dexamethasone caused quantitative suppression of Interleukin-6 and increased Interleukin-10 activation, contributing to reduced immunopathology, but it did not translate into clinical benefit in the short term.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1047951115000566","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,10]],"date-time":"2015-07-10T11:00:47Z","timestamp":1436526047000},"page":"506-515","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Effect of steroids on inflammatory markers and clinical parameters in congenital open heart surgery: a randomised controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Muhammad 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