{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T08:39:35Z","timestamp":1788597575385,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,23]],"date-time":"2015-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1442966400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cardiol Young"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S1047951115001869_abs1\" sec-type=\"general\"><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>We sought to analyse the variation in the incidence of patent ductus arteriosus over three recent time points and characterise ductal ligation practices in preterm infants in the United States, adjusting for demographic and morbidity factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1047951115001869_abs2\" sec-type=\"general\"><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Using the Kids\u2019 Inpatient Database from 2003, 2006, and 2009, we identified infants born at \u2a7d32 weeks of gestation with International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision diagnosis of patent ductus arteriosus and ligation code. We examined patient and hospital characteristics and identified patient and hospital variables associated with ligation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1047951115001869_abs3\" sec-type=\"general\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of 182,610 preterm births, 30,714 discharges included a patent ductus arteriosus diagnosis. The rate of patent ductus arteriosus diagnosis increased from 14% in 2003 to 21% in 2009 (p&lt;0.001). A total of 4181 ligations were performed, with an overall ligation rate of 14%. Ligation rate in infants born at \u2a7d28 weeks of gestation was 20% overall, increasing from 18% in 2003 to 21% in 2009 (p&lt;0.001). The ligation rate varied by state (4\u201328%), and ligation was associated with earlier gestational age, associated diagnoses, hospital type, teaching hospital status, and region (p&lt;0.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1047951115001869_abs4\" sec-type=\"general\"><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The rates of patent ductus arteriosus diagnosis and ligation have increased in the recent years. Variation exists in the practice of patent ductus arteriosus ligation and is influenced by patient and non-patient factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1047951115001869","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,23]],"date-time":"2015-09-23T05:34:47Z","timestamp":1442986487000},"page":"1107-1114","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Surgical ligation of patent ductus arteriosus in premature infants: trends and practice variation"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Jacqueline G.","family":"Weinberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank J.","family":"Evans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristin M.","family":"Burns","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gail D.","family":"Pearson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan R.","family":"Kaltman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1047951115001869_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2008.12.101"},{"key":"S1047951115001869_ref35","volume-title":"International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification: Physician ICD-9-CM","year":"1996"},{"key":"S1047951115001869_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2011.09.022"},{"key":"S1047951115001869_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(83)80022-5"},{"key":"S1047951115001869_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2007-2781"},{"key":"S1047951115001869_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2012.12.094"},{"key":"S1047951115001869_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/fn.75.3.F183"},{"key":"S1047951115001869_ref32","unstructured":"HCUP Kids\u2019 Inpatient Database (KID). 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