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Individuals at risk include those having any of a variety of conditions in which structural weakness of the ascending aorta predisposes to pathological dilation under prolonged periods of increased wall stress. These conditions include Marfan syndrome, Loeys\u2013Dietz syndrome, bicuspid aortic valve, and the vascular form of Ehlers\u2013Danlos syndrome. Diagnostic criteria, surveillance strategies, medical management, and surgical indications are discussed. Finally, the current recommendations for sports participation are provided.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1047951116002213","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,13]],"date-time":"2017-01-13T09:53:36Z","timestamp":1484301216000},"page":"S36-S42","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Sudden death due to aortic 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