{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T03:26:06Z","timestamp":1761017166737},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,12]],"date-time":"2016-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1481500800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cardiol Young"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Postural tachycardia syndrome is defined by a heart rate increment of 40 beats\/minute (bpm) (or a heart rate that exceeds 125 bpm) within 10 minutes of change from the supine position to an upright position in the absence of obvious orthostatic hypotension. There are multiple pathophysiological mechanisms that underlie postural tachycardia syndrome, including peripheral denervation, \u03b2-receptor supersensitivity, hypovolaemia, and impaired muscle pump. Some children afflicted with postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome and hypovolaemic dysregulation have been found to have perturbed renin\u2013angiotensin\u2013aldosterone profile, disturbed vascular endothelial function, and abnormal vasodilation. The hyperadrenergic state in some postural tachycardia syndrome patients is likely a driver for orthostatic tachycardia. Other mechanisms include the presence of treatable autonomic neuropathies. An understanding of these pathophysiological mechanisms might be helpful for the effective treatment of postural tachycardia syndrome.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1047951116002559","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,12]],"date-time":"2016-12-12T09:21:08Z","timestamp":1481534468000},"page":"413-417","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Recent advances in the understanding of the mechanisms underlying postural tachycardia syndrome in children: practical implications for treatment"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Xiaochun","family":"Zheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yonghong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Junbao","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1047951116002559_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10286-011-0119-5"},{"key":"S1047951116002559_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2010.11.009"},{"key":"S1047951116002559_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.111.244343"},{"key":"S1047951116002559_ref5","first-page":"3285","article-title":"A diagnosis-based health economic analysis of postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome in Chinese children","volume":"124","author":"Li","year":"2011","journal-title":"Chin Med J"},{"key":"S1047951116002559_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mpd.2001.112170"},{"key":"S1047951116002559_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.12272"},{"key":"S1047951116002559_ref11","first-page":"914","article-title":"A multicenter study of diagnosis and different hemodynamic patterns in children with unexplained syncope","volume":"21","author":"Chen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Chin J Prac Pediatr"},{"key":"S1047951116002559_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.111.172262","article-title":"Exercise training versus propranolol in the treatment of the postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome","volume":"58","author":"Qi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"S1047951116002559_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2008.03.017"},{"key":"S1047951116002559_ref7","first-page":"326","article-title":"Abnormal orthostatic changes in blood pressure and heart rate in subjects with intact sympathetic nervous function: evidence for excessive venous pooling","volume":"111","author":"Streeten","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Lab Clin Med"},{"key":"S1047951116002559_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00738.2003"},{"key":"S1047951116002559_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2010.03.034","article-title":"Flow-mediated vasodilation and endothelium function in children with postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome","volume":"106","author":"Ying","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"S1047951116002559_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1940.02810510038010"},{"key":"S1047951116002559_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000160356.97313.5D"},{"key":"S1047951116002559_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2014.00220"},{"key":"S1047951116002559_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2015.03.029"},{"key":"S1047951116002559_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1227","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.issn.0366-6999.20140244","article-title":"Clinical features and management of postural tachycardia syndrome in children: a single-center experience","volume":"127","author":"Li","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chin Med J"},{"key":"S1047951116002559_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000185462.08685.da"},{"key":"S1047951116002559_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.111.00203"},{"key":"S1047951116002559_ref43","first-page":"527","article-title":"Clinical presentation and management of patients with hyperadrenergic postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome. A single center experience","volume":"18","author":"Khalil","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cardiol J"},{"key":"S1047951116002559_ref24","first-page":"436","article-title":"Change and significance in the levels of plasma urotensin II and catestatin in children with postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome","volume":"43","author":"Liao","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Peking Univ"},{"key":"S1047951116002559_ref26","first-page":"684","article-title":"Diagnostic value of autonomic nerve function tests for postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome","volume":"26","author":"Zhu","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Appl Clin Pediatr"},{"key":"S1047951116002559_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14814\/phy2.12122"},{"key":"S1047951116002559_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2011.08.054"},{"key":"S1047951116002559_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000441-200302000-00002"},{"key":"S1047951116002559_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-014-0249-3"},{"key":"S1047951116002559_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e000755","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.113.000755","article-title":"Autoimmune basis for postural tachycardia syndrome","volume":"3","author":"Hongliang","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"S1047951116002559_ref20","first-page":"2928","article-title":"Relationship between 24 hour urinary sodium and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in children with postural tachycardia syndrome","volume":"95","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"Natl Med J China"},{"key":"S1047951116002559_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000141804.90845.E6"},{"key":"S1047951116002559_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2001.014431"},{"key":"S1047951116002559_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1047951113000929"},{"key":"S1047951116002559_ref17","first-page":"657","article-title":"A study on different hemodynamic patterns in head-up tilt test in children with unexplained syncope","volume":"19","author":"Zhang","year":"2004","journal-title":"Chin J Prac Pediatr"},{"key":"S1047951116002559_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2012-2610"},{"key":"S1047951116002559_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1111\/ped.12392","article-title":"Clinical features of hyperadrenergic postural tachycardia syndrome in children","volume":"56","author":"Qingyou","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pediatr Int"},{"key":"S1047951116002559_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-199912000-00022"},{"key":"S1047951116002559_ref25","first-page":"375","article-title":"Changes of plasma intermedin during head-up tilt test in children with postural tachycardia syndrome and its significance","volume":"53","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi"},{"key":"S1047951116002559_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1111\/ped.12284","article-title":"Variant cardiovascular regulation in children with postural tachycardia syndrome","volume":"56","author":"Seiji","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pediatr Int"},{"key":"S1047951116002559_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1047951114001176"},{"key":"S1047951116002559_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-200X.2012.03707.x"},{"key":"S1047951116002559_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trsl.2013.03.002"},{"key":"S1047951116002559_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1161\/hc0302.102597","article-title":"Selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibition as a human model of orthostatic intolerance","volume":"105","author":"Christoph","year":"2002","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"S1047951116002559_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2012.01.054","article-title":"Twenty-four-hour urinary sodium excretion and postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome","volume":"161","author":"Qingyou","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"S1047951116002559_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00246-014-0981-8"}],"container-title":["Cardiology in the Young"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S1047951116002559","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,21]],"date-time":"2024-06-21T04:03:06Z","timestamp":1718942586000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S1047951116002559\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,12]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S1047951116002559"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s1047951116002559","relation":{},"ISSN":["1047-9511","1467-1107"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1047-9511","type":"print"},{"value":"1467-1107","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"\u00a9 Cambridge University Press 2016\u00a0","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}}]}}