{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T02:36:49Z","timestamp":1773974209040,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,15]],"date-time":"2021-03-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615766400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cardiol Young"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S1047951121000901_as1\"><jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Improved survival has led to a growing population of adults with congenital heart disease (CHD), followed by numerous reports of late complications. Liver disease is a known complication in some patients, with most studies focusing on Fontan associated liver disease. Whether liver disease also exists in other patients with CHD is not fully investigated. Elevated central venous pressure is considered pivotal in the development of liver disease in Fontan associated liver disease, and other patients with alterations in central venous pressure may also be at risk for developing liver fibrosis. We wanted to see if liver fibrosis is present in patients with tetralogy of Fallot. Many patients with tetralogy of Fallot have severe pulmonary regurgitation, which can lead to elevated central venous pressure. Patients with tetralogy of Fallot may be at risk of developing liver fibrosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1047951121000901_as2\"><jats:title>Materials and methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ten patients (24\u201356 years) with tetralogy of Fallot and pulmonary regurgitation were investigated for liver fibrosis. All patients were examined with magnetic resonance elastography of liver, hepatobiliary iminodiacetic acid scan, indocyanine green elimination by pulse spectrophotometry, elastography via FibroScan, abdominal ultrasound including liver elastography, and blood samples including liver markers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1047951121000901_as3\"><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Three out of ten patients had findings indicating possible liver fibrosis. Two of these had a liver biopsy performed, which revealed fibrosis stage 1 and 2, respectively. The same three patients had an estimated elevated central venous pressure in previous echocardiograms.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1047951121000901_as4\"><jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mild liver fibrosis was present in selected patients with tetralogy of Fallot and may be related to elevated central venous pressure.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1047951121000901","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,15]],"date-time":"2021-03-15T09:04:16Z","timestamp":1615799056000},"page":"1796-1806","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Liver fibrosis in patients with tetralogy of Fallot, an unrecognised complication?"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8174-9811","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maren E. 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hepatic stiffness in young adults after biventricular repair of congenital heart disease","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"S1047951121000901_ref13","first-page":"E139","article-title":"Hepatocellular carcinoma in an adult with repaired Tetralogy of Fallot","volume":"8","author":"Mccabe","year":"2013","journal-title":"Congenital Heart Dis"},{"key":"S1047951121000901_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2016.05.016"},{"key":"S1047951121000901_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.18650"},{"key":"S1047951121000901_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-003-2091-6","article-title":"Measurement of indocyanine green plasma disappearance rate by two different dosages","volume":"30","author":"Sakka","year":"2004","journal-title":"Intensive Care 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