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Transcatheter treatment of pulmonary valve atresia with intact interventricular septum by radiofrequency perforation and balloon dilatation to restore biventricular circulation is gaining more popularity, with improving results over time. We report in our experience of 79 cases in 10 years the development of a sub-pulmonary membrane in 4 cases: causing significant obstruction requiring surgical excision in one case that revealed a fibrous membrane on pathology; causing mild right ventricular outflow tract obstruction in another and not yet causing obstruction in 2. On cardiac MRI, the right ventricular outflow tract and the right ventricular outflow tract\/pulmonary atresia angle showed no morphological abnormalities.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1047951121001591","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,31]],"date-time":"2021-05-31T08:53:38Z","timestamp":1622451218000},"page":"60-63","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Rheology of right ventricular outflow tract obstruction: sub-pulmonary membrane developing months after primary intervention to treat pulmonary atresia with intact interventricular septum"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5252-8403","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Baher M.","family":"Hanna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wesam E.","family":"El-Mozy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sonia A.","family":"El-Saiedi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1047951121001591_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00047.2009"},{"key":"S1047951121001591_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1047951114001942"},{"key":"S1047951121001591_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2261-13-43"},{"key":"S1047951121001591_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2011.04.046"},{"key":"S1047951121001591_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(92)90524-Q"},{"key":"S1047951121001591_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1419","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-8703(05)80198-X","article-title":"Balloon valvuloplasty of a subpulmonic membrane","volume":"119","author":"Vasec","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"S1047951121001591_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5273(91)90015-H"},{"key":"S1047951121001591_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1445-5994.1974.tb03241.x"},{"key":"S1047951121001591_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1047951108003259"},{"key":"S1047951121001591_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ihj.2016.01.001"},{"key":"S1047951121001591_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0894-7317(00)90043-9"},{"key":"S1047951121001591_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.001619"},{"key":"S1047951121001591_ref4","first-page":"5","article-title":"Isolated subpulmonary membrane causing critical neonatal pulmonary stenosis with concordant atrioventricular and ventriculoarterial connections","volume":"11","author":"Tomar","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ped Cardiol"},{"key":"S1047951121001591_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2020.00114"},{"key":"S1047951121001591_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/echo.14370"},{"key":"S1047951121001591_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2008.06.013"},{"key":"S1047951121001591_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.1320320324"},{"key":"S1047951121001591_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8175.2010.01373.x"}],"container-title":["Cardiology in the Young"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S1047951121001591","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,13]],"date-time":"2022-10-13T08:25:31Z","timestamp":1665649531000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S1047951121001591\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,31]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S1047951121001591"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s1047951121001591","relation":{},"ISSN":["1047-9511","1467-1107"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1047-9511"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1467-1107"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,31]]},"assertion":[{"value":"\u00a9 The Author(s), 2021. 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