{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,31]],"date-time":"2022-03-31T23:39:16Z","timestamp":1648769956775},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,8]],"date-time":"2021-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1631059200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":38,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cardiol Young"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cardiac surgery for CHD was pioneered in Washington, DC by Charles Hufnagel and Edgar Davis working at Georgetown University and Children\u2019s Hospital of the District of Columbia. Children\u2019s Hospital, now Children\u2019s National Hospital, had been established just 5 years after the end of the Civil War. In the 1950s, Davis and Hufnagel undertook many open-heart operations using the technique of surface cooling, hypothermia, and circulatory arrest. Hufnagel and Lewis Scott, who founded the cardiology department at Children\u2019s, were trained in Boston by Gross and Nadas. Judson Randolph, also a trainee of Gross, introduced cardiac surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass and established the General Pediatric Surgery department at Children\u2019s in the 1960s. The transition of hospital staffing from community-based private physicians to full-time hospital employees was often controversial but was complete by the turn of the millennium. The 21<jats:sup>st<\/jats:sup> century has seen continuing growth of the new Children\u2019s National Heart Institute and consolidation of several congenital cardiac programmes in Washington, DC.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1047951121003486","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,8]],"date-time":"2021-09-08T08:56:28Z","timestamp":1631091388000},"page":"1220-1227","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The evolution of cardiac care for children in Washington, DC"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Richard A.","family":"Jonas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gerard R.","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1047951121003486_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1939.02800080049011"},{"key":"S1047951121003486_ref6","first-page":"673","article-title":"Surgical correction of aortic insufficiency","volume":"35","author":"Hufnagel","year":"1954","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"S1047951121003486_ref12","unstructured":"12. Newsline Children\u2019s Hospital National Medical Center 1989, vol 7 number 23:p2."},{"key":"S1047951121003486_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM194509062331001"},{"key":"S1047951121003486_ref1","unstructured":"1. Clinical Proceedings, Children\u2019s Hospital of the District of Columbia 1970, 26 Number 7, Special Centennial Issue"},{"key":"S1047951121003486_ref8","unstructured":"8. Open Heart: the radical surgeons who revolutionized medicine 2010 Cooper DKC Kaplan Publishing, pages 105\u2013142."},{"key":"S1047951121003486_ref9","unstructured":"9. The Children\u2019s Hospital Arrow 1954, vol 19 issue 2:p3."},{"key":"S1047951121003486_ref11","unstructured":"11. Children\u2019s Times 1987, Fall edition p6."},{"key":"S1047951121003486_ref2","unstructured":"2. The Story of Children\u2019s Hospital: a remarkable journey 1994 Annual report"},{"key":"S1047951121003486_ref5","unstructured":"5. Open Heart: the radical surgeons who revolutionized medicine 2010 Cooper DKC Kaplan Publishing, pages 249\u2013258."},{"key":"S1047951121003486_ref13","unstructured":"13. Children\u2019s Newsline 1989, August edition p2."},{"key":"S1047951121003486_ref10","unstructured":"10. Children\u2019s Hospital Arrow 1964. Annual report p3."},{"key":"S1047951121003486_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1956.02960470043010b"}],"container-title":["Cardiology in the Young"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S1047951121003486","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,8]],"date-time":"2022-02-08T10:47:16Z","timestamp":1644317236000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S1047951121003486\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S1047951121003486"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s1047951121003486","relation":{},"ISSN":["1047-9511","1467-1107"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1047-9511","type":"print"},{"value":"1467-1107","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"\u00a9 The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}}]}}