{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,14]],"date-time":"2026-02-14T06:52:48Z","timestamp":1771051968110,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,10]],"date-time":"2021-11-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1636502400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cardiol Young"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S1047951121004510_as1\"><jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Infective endocarditis is a major threat after prosthetic pulmonary valve replacement. Early diagnosis may improve outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1047951121004510_as2\"><jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p>A structured patient education programme for prevention and early diagnosis of infective endocarditis was developed at our institution since 2016. Time delay between onset of symptoms of prosthetic pulmonary valve endocarditis and its diagnosis (defined as initiation of appropriate high-dose intravenous antibiotic treatment) was compared for patients presenting before (cohort 1) and after (cohort 2) initiation of the patient education programme.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1047951121004510_as3\"><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Between 2008\u20132019, 26 patients (median age 24.9, range: 16.8\u201362.0 years, 73% male) were diagnosed with prosthetic pulmonary valve endocarditis, 13 patients (cohort 1) before (1.7 cases\/year) and 13 patients (cohort 2) after June 2016 (3.7 cases\/year). There were no differences in baseline characteristics or clinical presentation between the study cohorts. Overall, the median delay between onset of symptoms and diagnosis of infective endocarditis was 6 days (range: 0\u2013133 days) with a significantly longer delay among patients in cohort 1, compared to cohort 2 (25 days, range: 5\u2013133 days versus 3 days, range: 0\u201313 days, p &lt; 0.0001). A delay of &gt;7 days was documented in 11\/13 patients (85%) in cohort 1 as compared to 1\/13 (8%) in cohort 2 (p &lt; 0.001). Need for urgent valve replacement or permanent deterioration of prosthetic valve function was higher in cohort 1, compared to cohort 2 (11\/13, 85% versus 5\/13, 39%; p = 0.041).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1047951121004510_as4\"><jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prosthetic pulmonary valve endocarditis is increasingly recognised. A structured patient education programme may improve early diagnosis and clinical outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1047951121004510","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,10]],"date-time":"2021-11-10T09:19:04Z","timestamp":1636535944000},"page":"1564-1569","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Impact of a structured patient education programme on early diagnosis of prosthetic pulmonary valve endocarditis"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Daniela","family":"Babic","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ramona","family":"H\u00e4mmerli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bruno","family":"Santos Lopes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"Attenhofer Jost","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0821-3196","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Tobler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"Schwerzmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Hasse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Bonassin Tempesta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8692-6108","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthias","family":"Greutmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1047951121004510_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1976","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2016.11.064","article-title":"Long-term follow-up after the Ross procedure: a single center 22-year experience","volume":"103","author":"Schneider","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"S1047951121004510_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"982","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehx685","article-title":"Management errors in adults with congenital heart disease: prevalence, sources, and consequences","volume":"39","author":"Cordina","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"S1047951121004510_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2014.08.034","article-title":"An increased incidence of conduit endocarditis in patients receiving bovine jugular vein grafts compared to cryopreserved homograft for right ventricular outflow reconstruction","volume":"99","author":"Ugaki","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"S1047951121004510_ref7","first-page":"w14519","article-title":"Swiss Adult Congenital HEart disease Registry (SACHER) - rationale, design and first results","volume":"147","author":"Tobler","year":"2017","journal-title":"Swiss Med Wkly"},{"key":"S1047951121004510_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1111\/chd.12639","article-title":"Bioprosthetic pulmonary valve endocarditis: incidence, risk factors, and clinical outcomes","volume":"13","author":"Robichaud","year":"2018","journal-title":"Congenit Heart Dis"},{"key":"S1047951121004510_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acvd.2014.07.052","article-title":"Percutaneous pulmonary valve endocarditis: incidence, prevention and management","volume":"107","author":"Patel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arch Cardiovasc Dis"},{"key":"S1047951121004510_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(94)90143-0","article-title":"New criteria for diagnosis of infective endocarditis: utilization of specific echocardiographic findings. Duke Endocarditis Service","volume":"96","author":"Durack","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"S1047951121004510_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2018.04.094","article-title":"Infective endocarditis after percutaneous pulmonary valve implantation - a long-term single centre experience","volume":"265","author":"Tanase","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"S1047951121004510_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2014.09.054","article-title":"Trends in pulmonary valve replacement in children and adults with tetralogy of fallot","volume":"115","author":"O\u02bcByrne","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"S1047951121004510_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2009.07.013","article-title":"Recommendations for evaluation of prosthetic valves with echocardiography and doppler ultrasound: a report From the American Society of Echocardiography\u2019s Guidelines and Standards Committee and the Task Force on Prosthetic Valves, developed in conjunction with the American College of Cardiology Cardiovascular Imaging Committee, Cardiac Imaging Committee of the American Heart Association, the European Association of Echocardiography, a registered branch of the European Society of Cardiology, the Japanese Society of Echocardiography and the Canadian Society of Echocardiography, endorsed by the American College of Cardiology Foundation, American Heart Association, European Association of Echocardiography, a registered branch of the European Society of Cardiology, the Japanese Society of Echocardiography, and Canadian Society of Echocardiography","volume":"22","author":"Zoghbi","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Am Soc Echocardiogr"},{"key":"S1047951121004510_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2717","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2018.09.039","article-title":"Endocarditis after transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement","volume":"72","author":"McElhinney","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"S1047951121004510_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2253","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2014.07.097","article-title":"Incidence and outcomes of right-sided endocarditis in patients with congenital heart disease after surgical or transcatheter pulmonary valve implantation","volume":"148","author":"Malekzadeh-Milani","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"}],"container-title":["Cardiology in the Young"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S1047951121004510","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,21]],"date-time":"2022-10-21T08:10:37Z","timestamp":1666339837000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S1047951121004510\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,10]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S1047951121004510"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s1047951121004510","relation":{},"ISSN":["1047-9511","1467-1107"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1047-9511","type":"print"},{"value":"1467-1107","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"\u00a9 The Author(s), 2021. 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