{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T04:14:23Z","timestamp":1791951263585,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,24]],"date-time":"2022-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642982400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cardiol Young"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S1047951122000051_as1\"><jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ventricular septal defect is the most common CHD, leading to pulmonary hypertension. Significantly lower 25-hydroxyvitamin D level was reported in children with CHD compared with healthy controls. The current study aimed to investigate the correlation between 25-hydroxyvitamin D level and pulmonary hypertension in children with ventricular septal defect.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1047951122000051_as2\"><jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p>A cross-sectional study was conducted on ventricular septal defect paediatric patients from January to June, 2019. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D was measured using electrochemiluminescence. Pulmonary hypertension was defined as mean pulmonary artery systolic pressure &gt; 20 mmHg for children &gt;3 months of age at sea level, measured by Doppler echocardiography.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1047951122000051_as3\"><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>From forty-four subjects, the majority of the subjects were female (56.8%) with normal nutritional status and perimembranous ventricular septal defect. Bivariate analysis showed that 25-hydroxyvitamin D level was associated with pulmonary hypertension (p &lt; 0.01), type and size of ventricular septal defect (p = 0.02), and heart failure (p &lt; 0.01). Higher 25-hydroxyvitamin D level was correlated with better nutritional status (p = 0.04, r = 0.26), and lower 25-hydroxyvitamin D level was correlated with the occurence of perimembranous ventricular septal defect (p = 0.01, r = \u22120.39), larger defect size (p &lt; 0.01, r = \u22120.70), history of pneumonia (p = 0.02, r = \u22120.31), and heart failure (p &lt; 0.01, r = \u22120.64). Subjects with 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency had prevalence ratio of 24.0 times for pulmonary hypertension. Higher pulmonary artery pressure was correlated to the occurence perimembranous ventricular septal defect (p = 0.01, r = 0.47), larger defect size (p &lt; 0.01, r = 0.78), history of pneumonia (p = 0.01, r = 0.38), and heart failure (p &lt; 0.01, r = 0.75).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1047951122000051_as4\"><jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Children with ventricular septal defect who had low 25-hydroxyvitamin D level posed a higher risk of having pulmonary hypertension.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1047951122000051","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,24]],"date-time":"2022-01-24T07:22:17Z","timestamp":1643008937000},"page":"1984-1988","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (vitamin D) level among children with ventricular septal defect: how big is the risk for pulmonary hypertension?"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1396-5285","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sri E.","family":"Rahayuningsih","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rahmat B.","family":"Kuswiyanto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Putria","family":"Rayani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elrika A.","family":"Wijaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mas R.","family":"Syamsunarno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raden T. D.","family":"Judistiani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Budi","family":"Setiabudiawan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1047951122000051_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2019.06.022"},{"key":"S1047951122000051_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2011-0385"},{"key":"S1047951122000051_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0217311"},{"key":"S1047951122000051_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pupt.2006.03.008"},{"key":"S1047951122000051_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.113.082602"},{"key":"S1047951122000051_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01204-2021"},{"key":"S1047951122000051_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HCO.0b013e32833cd491"},{"key":"S1047951122000051_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0180615"},{"key":"S1047951122000051_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/chd.12528"},{"key":"S1047951122000051_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-020545"},{"key":"S1047951122000051_ref19","first-page":"99","article-title":"Vitamin D deficiency in surgical congenital heart disease: prevalence and relevance","volume":"2","author":"McNally","year":"2013","journal-title":"Transl Pediatr"},{"key":"S1047951122000051_ref1","first-page":"124","volume-title":"Park\u2019s Pediatric Cardiology for Practitioners","author":"Park","year":"2021"},{"key":"S1047951122000051_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/pr.2017.71"},{"key":"S1047951122000051_ref6","first-page":"1","article-title":"Vitamin D deficiency and risk of cardiovascular diseases: a narrative review","volume":"24","author":"Kheiri","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Hypertens"},{"key":"S1047951122000051_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2012.05.013"},{"key":"S1047951122000051_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0884533616671861"},{"key":"S1047951122000051_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.32641\/rchped.v90i1.747"},{"key":"S1047951122000051_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4330\/wjc.v5.i9.337"},{"key":"S1047951122000051_ref4","first-page":"538","article-title":"25-hydroxy-vitamin D demography and the risk of vitamin D insufficiency in the South East Asian Nutrition Surveys (SEANUTS)","volume":"25","author":"Poh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Asia Pac J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"S1047951122000051_ref8","first-page":"8129","article-title":"25-hydroxy vitamin D serum levels in congenital heart disease (CHD) children compared to controls","volume":"6","author":"Noori","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr"},{"key":"S1047951122000051_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjhf\/hfr016"},{"key":"S1047951122000051_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2011-3059"},{"key":"S1047951122000051_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCOUTCOMES.112.967604"},{"key":"S1047951122000051_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00475.2019"},{"key":"S1047951122000051_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9020448"},{"key":"S1047951122000051_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2016.09.016"},{"key":"S1047951122000051_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-16349-7"},{"key":"S1047951122000051_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00246-012-0306-8"}],"container-title":["Cardiology in the Young"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S1047951122000051","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,22]],"date-time":"2023-05-22T08:20:28Z","timestamp":1684743628000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S1047951122000051\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,24]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S1047951122000051"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s1047951122000051","relation":{},"ISSN":["1047-9511","1467-1107"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1047-9511","type":"print"},{"value":"1467-1107","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"\u00a9 The Author(s), 2022. 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