{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T09:57:34Z","timestamp":1780567054901,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,31]],"date-time":"2023-10-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698710400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cardiol Young"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S1047951123003694_as1\"><jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Infection with Sars-CoV-2 is known to cause cardiac injury and coronary artery changes in moderate to severe acute COVID-19 and post-acute multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). However, little is known about the potential for cardiac involvement, in particular coronary artery dilation, in asymptomatic or mild cases of COVID-19.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1047951123003694_as2\"><jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective review of children \u2264 18 years of age with a history of asymptomatic or mild COVID-19 disease who underwent echocardiography after Sars-CoV-2 infection is conducted. Patients were excluded if they had been hospitalised for COVID-19\/MIS-C or had a history of cardiac disease that could affect coronary artery dimension. Coronary artery dilation was defined as the Boston Z-score greater than 2.0.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1047951123003694_as3\"><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>One hundred and fifty-seven patients met inclusion criteria with a mean age of 9.4 years (+\/\u2013 5.4 years). Eighty-four (54%) patients were identified as having COVID-19 through positive antibody testing. All patients underwent electrocardiogram and echocardiogram as part of their cardiology evaluation. One hundred and thirty-five (86%) patients had a normal evaluation or only a minor variant on electrocardiogram, while 22 patients had abnormalities on echocardiogram, 4 of which demonstrated coronary artery dilation based on the Boston Z-score.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1047951123003694_as4\"><jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Much of the literature for post-infectious screening and follow-up focuses on patients with a history of moderate to severe COVID-19 disease, emphasising the need for surveillance for the potential development of myocarditis. In this study, 4 out of 157 (2.5%) children with a history of asymptomatic or mild COVID-19 disease without MIS-C were found to have some degree of coronary artery dilation. The significance of this finding currently remains unknown.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1047951123003694","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,31]],"date-time":"2023-10-31T07:52:26Z","timestamp":1698738746000},"page":"854-858","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Coronary artery dilation in non-hospitalised children with asymptomatic or mild COVID-19"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4762-3390","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicole","family":"Gerber","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Lutrario","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"Rosenthal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shari","family":"Platt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ralf","family":"Holzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Flynn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1047951123003694_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2020-0702"},{"key":"S1047951123003694_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2020-102482"},{"key":"S1047951123003694_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2021680"},{"key":"S1047951123003694_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2015.09.035"},{"key":"S1047951123003694_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2008.08.010"},{"key":"S1047951123003694_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.14479"},{"key":"S1047951123003694_ref14","unstructured":"14. AAP updates guidance onr eturning to sports\/activity after COVID-19. https:\/\/www.aappublications.org\/news\/2021\/06\/10\/sportsguidance061021. Published June 10, 2021. Accessed July 13, 2021."},{"key":"S1047951123003694_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2020-102710"},{"key":"S1047951123003694_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2021-051155"},{"key":"S1047951123003694_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(20)30651-4"},{"key":"S1047951123003694_ref15","unstructured":"15. Dean, PN JL , Paridon, SM. Returning To Play After Coronavirus Infection: Pediatric Cardiologists\u2019 Perspective. Expert Analysis Web site. https:\/\/www.acc.org\/latest-in-cardiology\/articles\/2020\/07\/13\/13\/37\/returning-to-play after-coronavirus-infection. Published 2020. Accessed July 13, 2021."},{"key":"S1047951123003694_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11886-021-01602-3"},{"key":"S1047951123003694_ref1","unstructured":"1. NYC Health COVID 19: Data. https:\/\/www1.nyc.gov\/site\/doh\/covid\/covid-19-data.page. Published 2021. Accessed July, 13, 2021."},{"key":"S1047951123003694_ref11","first-page":"883","volume-title":"Normal Echocardiographic Values for Cardiovascular Structures","author":"Colan","year":"2016"},{"key":"S1047951123003694_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2020.3557"},{"key":"S1047951123003694_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2020.2136"}],"container-title":["Cardiology in the Young"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S1047951123003694","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,15]],"date-time":"2024-04-15T11:32:00Z","timestamp":1713180720000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S1047951123003694\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,31]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S1047951123003694"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s1047951123003694","relation":{},"ISSN":["1047-9511","1467-1107"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1047-9511","type":"print"},{"value":"1467-1107","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,31]]},"assertion":[{"value":"\u00a9 The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}}]}}