{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T17:02:58Z","timestamp":1775581378861,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,2]],"date-time":"2024-10-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727827200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cardiol Young"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S1047951124025757_as1\"><jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cardiac catheterisation is crucial for diagnosing and treating paediatric heart diseases, but it is poorly tolerated by small children, infants, and newborns without sedation. This study investigated whether maternal voice during sedation could lower stress and pain in children undergoing cardiac catheterisation and also assessed mothers\u2019 stress levels before and after the procedure.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1047951124025757_as2\"><jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p>This was a prospective, monocentric, randomised, controlled interventional study at the University Hospital Bonn. Children aged 4 years or younger scheduled for elective cardiac catheterisation under procedural sedation and American Society of Anaesthesiologists class between 1 and 3 were eligible.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1047951124025757_as3\"><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>At the end of cardiac catheterisation, the intervention group showed a higher Newborn Infant Parasympathetic Evaluation index with an adjusted mean difference of 9.5 (\u00b1 4.2) (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.026) and a lower median Children\u2019s and Infants Postoperative Pain Scale score of 2.0 (IQR: 0.0\u20135.0) versus 4.5 (IQR: 3.0\u20136.0) than the control group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.027). No difference in the children\u2019s cortisol level was found (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.424). The mothers in the intervention group had a lower cortisol level than those in the control group before cardiac catheterisation (adjusted mean difference: \u22124.5 nmol\/l (\u00b1 1.8 nmol\/l), <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.011).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1047951124025757_as4\"><jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Listening to the maternal voice during cardiac catheterisation could lead to less postoperative pain and significantly lower stress and discomfort level in children. Less pain could reduce the incidence of postoperative delirium.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Additionally, mothers perceived involvement as positive. A reduced stress level of mothers can positively influence children and possibly reduce pain and anxiety.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1047951124025757","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,2]],"date-time":"2024-10-02T07:34:34Z","timestamp":1727854474000},"page":"2437-2444","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Impact of the mother\u2019s voice on sedation need and stress during cardiologic examination of children (SMUSS study): a prospective, interventional, randomised, controlled, monocentric study"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4973-2208","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gregor","family":"Massoth","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emma","family":"Vorhofer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nikolai","family":"Spuck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marian","family":"Mikus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nathalie","family":"Mini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nadine","family":"Strassberger-Nerschbach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Wittmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Neumann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ehrenfried","family":"Schindler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1047951124025757_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13312-017-1031-4"},{"key":"S1047951124025757_ref3","first-page":"245","article-title":"Postoperative pain assessment in special patient groups: part I: children without cognitive impairment","volume":"25","author":"Messerer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Schmerz Berl Ger"},{"key":"S1047951124025757_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5539\/gjhs.v7n6p198"},{"key":"S1047951124025757_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2009.02.001"},{"key":"S1047951124025757_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10005-1514","article-title":"Salivary cortisol and alpha-amylase-biomarkers of stress in children undergoing extraction: an in vivo study","volume":"11","author":"Chaturvedi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pediatr Dent"},{"key":"S1047951124025757_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02083144"},{"key":"S1047951124025757_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0033-1352514","article-title":"Wie weh tut es?","volume":"2","author":"B\u00e4chle-Helde","year":"2013","journal-title":"JuKiP - Ihr Fachmag F\u00fcr Gesundh- Kinderkrankenpflege"},{"key":"S1047951124025757_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pan.12038"},{"key":"S1047951124025757_ref12","unstructured":"12 S\u00fcmpelmann, R , Beck, C , Rudolph, D , et al. S1-Leitlinlinie: PerioperativeN\u00fcchternzeiten bei Kindern und Jugendlichen. An\u00e4sth Intensivmed 2022;63: 320\u2013328."},{"key":"S1047951124025757_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.12147"},{"key":"S1047951124025757_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2018.01.042"},{"key":"S1047951124025757_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.14948"},{"key":"S1047951124025757_ref1","volume-title":"Empfehlungen und Standards f\u00fcr die Analgosedierung kinderkardiologischer Patienten","author":"Bertram","year":"2023"},{"key":"S1047951124025757_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200405000-00015"},{"key":"S1047951124025757_ref16","unstructured":"16 Ghamari, S , H\u00f6hne, C , Becke, K , et\u00a0al. Pr\u00e4vention und Therapie des p\u00e4diatrischen Emergence Delir. An\u00e4sth Intensivmed 2019; 60: 445\u2013455."},{"key":"S1047951124025757_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-199710000-00012"},{"key":"S1047951124025757_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10030517"},{"key":"S1047951124025757_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pan.14446"},{"key":"S1047951124025757_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2017-1904"},{"key":"S1047951124025757_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m4284"},{"key":"S1047951124025757_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2018.12.003"},{"key":"S1047951124025757_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-017-2164-4"},{"key":"S1047951124025757_ref6","first-page":"238","article-title":"Effect of music therapy on cortisol as a stress biomarker in children undergoing IV-line insertion","volume":"15","author":"Hasanah","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Taibah Univ Med Sci"},{"key":"S1047951124025757_ref20","first-page":"262","article-title":"Salivary and serum cortisol levels in newborn infants","volume":"115","author":"Forclaz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arch Argent Pediatr"},{"key":"S1047951124025757_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000000350"},{"key":"S1047951124025757_ref5","first-page":"514","article-title":"Study of the effectiveness of musical stimulation during intracardiac catheterization","volume":"95","author":"Argstatter","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Res Cardiol Off J Ger Card Soc"},{"key":"S1047951124025757_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0310057X1003800617"},{"key":"S1047951124025757_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03005466"}],"container-title":["Cardiology in the Young"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S1047951124025757","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,17]],"date-time":"2025-02-17T07:04:48Z","timestamp":1739775888000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S1047951124025757\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,2]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S1047951124025757"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s1047951124025757","relation":{},"ISSN":["1047-9511","1467-1107"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1047-9511","type":"print"},{"value":"1467-1107","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"\u00a9 The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}]}}