{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T16:00:45Z","timestamp":1792425645414,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,6]],"date-time":"2025-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738800000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cardiol Young"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S1047951125000034_as1\"><jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CS-AKI) and fluid overload (FO) are common among neonates who undergo cardiopulmonary bypass, and increase mortality risk. Current diagnostic criteria may delay diagnosis. Thus, there is a need to identify urine biomarkers that permit earlier and more accurate diagnosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1047951125000034_as2\"><jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p>This single-centre ancillary prospective cohort study describes age- and disease-specific ranges of 14 urine biomarkers at perioperative time points and explores associations with CS-AKI and FO. Neonates (\u226428 days) undergoing cardiac surgery were included. Preterm neonates or those who had pre-operative acute kidney injury were excluded. Urine biomarkers were measured pre-operatively, at 0 to &lt; 8 hours after surgery, and at 8 to 24 hours after surgery. Exploratory outcomes included CS-AKI, defined by the modified Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes criteria, and&gt;10% FO, both measured at 48 hours after surgery.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1047951125000034_as3\"><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Overall, \u03b1-glutathione S-transferase, \u03b2-2 microglobulin, albumin, cystatin C, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, osteopontin, uromodulin, clusterin, and vascular endothelial growth factor concentrations peaked in the early post-operative period; over the sampling period, kidney injury molecule-1 increased and trefoil factor-3 decreased. In the early post-operative period, \u03b2-2 microglobulin and \u03b1-glutathione S-transferase were higher in neonates who developed CS-AKI; and clusterin, cystatin C, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, osteopontin, and \u03b1-glutathione S-transferase were higher in neonates who developed FO.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1047951125000034_as4\"><jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title><jats:p>In a small, single-centre cohort, age- and disease-specific urine biomarker concentrations are described. These data identify typical trends and will inform future studies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1047951125000034","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,6]],"date-time":"2025-02-06T06:56:11Z","timestamp":1738824971000},"page":"545-553","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Urine biomarkers, acute kidney injury, and fluid overload in neonatal cardiac surgery"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8163-3042","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rebecca D.","family":"Sullenger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alison G.","family":"Kilborn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3733-2856","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Reid 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