{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T16:11:54Z","timestamp":1785427914684,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776902400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":22,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cardiol Young"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1047951126111573_as1\">\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the safety and feasibility of deep sedation and general anaesthesia for cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging in paediatric patients with congenital or acquired cardiac diseases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1047951126111573_as2\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective study included all consecutive patients less than 18 years of age who had deep sedation for cardiovascular magnetic resonance examination at the University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (Kiel, Germany) between 2010 and 2020 and cardiovascular magnetic resonance examination under general anaesthesia at the Royal Brompton Hospital (London, United Kingdom) between 2013 and 2022.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1047951126111573_as3\">\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Five-hundred twenty-two patients were in the deep sedation group and 171 in general anaesthesia group. Most of the patients had CHD (86% in deep sedation and 70% in general anaesthesia group). There were overall 14 adverse events (2%); 8 (1.5%) in the deep sedation group and 6 (3.5%) in the general anaesthesia group. This difference was not statistically significant (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.122). Complications in the deep sedation group included mild anaphylactic reactions in three patients, a severe coughing fit in one patient, increasing cyanosis in three single-ventricle patients, and suspected aspiration in one patient. In the general anaesthesia group, hypotension requiring some intervention was present in three patients (four scans). One patient (0.6%) had inadvertent endobronchial intubation.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1047951126111573_as4\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Both deep sedation and general anaesthesia can be used for cardiovascular magnetic resonance scans in paediatric patients with a low rate of complications. This, however, requires highly skilled teams who adhere strongly to the safety policies and guidelines set up by each hospital.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1047951126111573","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T04:45:29Z","timestamp":1776919529000},"page":"738-744","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Safety and feasibility of deep sedation and general anaesthesia for cardiovascular MRI studies in paediatric patients from two tertiary European centres"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6314-9350","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sylvia","family":"Krupickova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00cv4n034","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Royal Brompton Hospital, Guy\u2019s and St Thomas\u2019 NHS Foundation Trust"},{"name":"Imperial College"},{"name":"CMR Unit, Royal Brompton Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary","family":"Lane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of anaesthetics, Royal Brompton Hospital, Guy\u2019s and St Thomas\u2019 NHS Foundation Trust"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcel","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CMR Unit, Royal Brompton Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julieta","family":"Rancati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00cv4n034","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Royal Brompton Hospital, Guy\u2019s and St Thomas\u2019 NHS Foundation Trust"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raad","family":"Mohiaddin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Imperial College"},{"name":"CMR Unit, Royal Brompton Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cemil","family":"Izgi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Imperial College"},{"name":"CMR Unit, Royal Brompton Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeeya","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00cv4n034","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Royal Brompton Hospital, Guy\u2019s and St Thomas\u2019 NHS Foundation Trust"},{"name":"CMR Unit, Royal Brompton Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Rigby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00cv4n034","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Royal Brompton Hospital, Guy\u2019s and St Thomas\u2019 NHS Foundation Trust"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Piers","family":"Daubeney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00cv4n034","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Royal Brompton Hospital, Guy\u2019s and St Thomas\u2019 NHS Foundation Trust"},{"name":"Imperial College"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anselm","family":"Uebing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Congenital Heart Disease and Pediatric Cardiology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein"},{"name":"DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominik","family":"Gabbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Congenital Heart Disease and Pediatric Cardiology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein"},{"name":"DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dudley J.","family":"Pennell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Imperial College"},{"name":"CMR Unit, Royal Brompton Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7406-8006","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Inga","family":"Voges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Congenital Heart Disease and Pediatric Cardiology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein"},{"name":"DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1047951126111573_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.2107138"},{"key":"S1047951126111573_ref22","unstructured":"22. 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