{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T03:25:37Z","timestamp":1793762737565,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790208000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":54,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790208000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":54,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/tdm\/tdmrep-policy.json"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cardiol Young"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1047951126123932_as1\">\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In patients with functionally univentricular circulations, the flow restriction achieved by modifying microvascular plugs (MVPs) during percutaneous stage I palliation has not been widely quantified. This study evaluates\u00a0how progressive modification of the polytetrafuoroethylene (PTFE) membrane of MVPs alters flow restriction using a bench-top model of uni-ventricular physiology.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1047951126123932_as2\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A 3D-printed model mimicking branch pulmonary arteries in parallel with a systemic outflow was connected to a Harvard pulsatile pump. Two MVP-9Q devices, each modified with one, two, three, or four slits in the PTFE membrane, were placed in limbs representing left and right pulmonary arteries. Mathematical scaling produced a valid hemodynamic model matching neonatal univentricuar physiology. Flow (L\/min) was measured using sensors placed on both pulmonary arteries and the systemic limb. Flow distribution between systemic and pulmonary limbs was calculated as a percentage of fixed total flow to determine the pulmonary (Qp) to systemic (Qs) flow ratio (Qp:Qs).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1047951126123932_as3\">\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>With a baseline model representing 2:1 Qp:Qs ratio, MVPs with one slit reduced pulmonary flow (Qp) by 23%. Two slits reduced Qp by 21% and produced a Qp:Qs ratio closest to 1:1. Additional slits progressively increased Qp and reduced restriction (three-slits: 18% reduction, Qp:Qs 1.1:1; four-slits: 15% reduction, Qp:Qs 1.3:1).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1047951126123932_as4\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Incremental PTFE membrane modification generated proportional but nonlinear effects on flow distribution in a simulated univentricular circulation. Creating one or two slits provided the optimal balance between pulmonary and systemic flow, while more than two slits produced minimal restriction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1047951126123932","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T07:17:28Z","timestamp":1790234248000},"page":"1679-1684","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Two slits good, four slits bad? Assessing the hemodynamic impact of modifications to microvascular plugs in pulmonary flow restriction using a bench-top model"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1509-8699","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natalie","family":"Soszyn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Children\u2019s Hospital Colorado"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sungho","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children\u2019s Hospital Colorado"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catalina","family":"Vargas Acevedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children\u2019s Hospital Colorado"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7432-8189","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ernesto","family":"Mejia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children\u2019s Hospital Colorado"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alex","family":"Barker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children\u2019s Hospital Colorado"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jenny","family":"Zablah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children\u2019s Hospital Colorado"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gareth","family":"Morgan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children\u2019s Hospital Colorado"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1047951126123932_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCINTERVENTIONS.123.013383"},{"key":"S1047951126123932_ref5","first-page":"719","article-title":"Initial transcatheter palliation of hypoplastic left heart syndrome","volume":"68","author":"Chan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cathet Cardiovasc Interv"},{"key":"S1047951126123932_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02083294"},{"key":"S1047951126123932_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2023.1150579"},{"key":"S1047951126123932_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13239-023-00674-2"},{"key":"S1047951126123932_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.69.6.551"},{"key":"S1047951126123932_ref12","first-page":"1320","article-title":"Utility of the Medtronic microvascular plugTM as a transcatheter implantable and explantable pulmonary artery flow restrictor in a swine model","volume":"93","author":"Khan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Catheter Cardiovasc Interv"},{"key":"S1047951126123932_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.pcsu.2005.01.009"},{"key":"S1047951126123932_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00246-021-02701-2"},{"key":"S1047951126123932_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/21501351241278576"},{"key":"S1047951126123932_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198301063080106"},{"key":"S1047951126123932_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iccl.2024.02.004"},{"key":"S1047951126123932_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00246-021-02626-w"},{"key":"S1047951126123932_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xjon.2024.11.011"},{"key":"S1047951126123932_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00246-021-02597-y"},{"key":"S1047951126123932_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(80)90224-6"},{"key":"S1047951126123932_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.121.055183"}],"container-title":["Cardiology in the Young"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S1047951126123932","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S1047951126123932","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T02:30:04Z","timestamp":1793759404000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S1047951126123932\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S1047951126123932"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s1047951126123932","relation":{},"ISSN":["1047-9511","1467-1107"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1047-9511","type":"print"},{"value":"1467-1107","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"\u00a9 The Author(s), 2026. 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