{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T11:51:35Z","timestamp":1792065095470,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792022400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cardiol Young"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1047951126124081_as1\">\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Enoxaparin is a commonly utilized anticoagulant, particularly in infants and children. Recent literature has highlighted the need to initiate enoxaparin at higher doses, especially at younger ages, due to differences in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. The aim of this study was to investigate the enoxaparin dose required to achieve therapeutic effect in patients \u2264 2 months, &gt;2 to \u2264 6 months, &gt;6 to \u2264 12 months, and &gt;12 months old.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1047951126124081_as2\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective chart review includes patients aged 0\u201318 years admitted to the cardiac ICU or cardiac stepdown unit over a five-year period. Patients were included who achieved a therapeutic anti-Xa within goal of 0.5\u20131 units\/mL.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1047951126124081_as3\">\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Seventy-one patients were included in the analysis; 26 (37%) were \u2264 2 months old, 21 (30%) were &gt;2 to \u2264 6 months old, 10 (14%) were &gt;6 to \u226412 months old, and 14 (20%) were &gt;12 months old. There was a significant difference in the median enoxaparin dose required among these age groups, with medians of 2.13 mg\/kg\/dose [IQR: 1.95, 2.53], 1.81 mg\/kg\/dose [IQR: 1.52, 2.40], 1.44 mg\/kg\/dose [IQR: 1.31, 1.71], and 1.16 mg\/kg\/dose [IQR: 1.00, 1.26], respectively (p &lt; 0.001). The difference between initial and therapeutic doses was greater in infants compared to children &gt;12 months of age, despite higher initial doses in patients \u2264 6 months old.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1047951126124081_as4\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Infants admitted to the cardiac ICU or cardiac stepdown unit required an increased median enoxaparin dose and a higher number of dosing changes and experienced longer times to achieve therapeutic anti-Xa levels compared to older children.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1047951126124081","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T11:04:33Z","timestamp":1792062273000},"page":"1-5","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Enoxaparin dose assessment in paediatric cardiology patients"],"prefix":"10.1017","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-1020-9185","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ryan","family":"Birky","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00jyx0v10","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Nemours Children\u2019s Hospital Delaware"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Colin","family":"Meyer-Macaulay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nemours Children\u2019s Hospital Delaware"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-6942-2575","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhaoying","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DuPont Experimental Station"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth Mary","family":"Patt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00jyx0v10","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Nemours Children\u2019s Hospital Delaware"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1047951126124081_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ppedcard.2021.101346"},{"key":"S1047951126124081_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2017.00146"},{"key":"S1047951126124081_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.120.021765"},{"key":"S1047951126124081_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MPH.0000000000002066"},{"key":"S1047951126124081_ref19","unstructured":"19. Lexi-Drugs, Enoxaparin. UpToDate Lexidrug. UpToDate Inc. 2026. https:\/\/online.lexi.com. Accessed February 1, 2026."},{"key":"S1047951126124081_ref14","first-page":"119","article-title":"Effects of age and weight-based dosing of Enoxaparin on anti-factor Xa levels in pediatric patients","volume":"15","author":"Fung","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"S1047951126124081_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.10.010"},{"key":"S1047951126124081_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1047951109990564"},{"key":"S1047951126124081_ref8","first-page":"2622","volume":"128","author":"Giglia","year":"2013","journal-title":"American Heart Association Congenital Heart Defects Committee of the Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young, Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing, Council on Epidemiology and Prevention, and Stroke Council"},{"key":"S1047951126124081_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PCC.0000000000002831"},{"key":"S1047951126124081_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/asheducation-2018.1.399"},{"key":"S1047951126124081_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtha.2023.03.005"},{"key":"S1047951126124081_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0976-0105.134947"},{"key":"S1047951126124081_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40262-013-0094-1"},{"key":"S1047951126124081_ref4","first-page":"e737S","volume-title":"American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines. CHEST","volume":"141","author":"Monagle","year":"2012"},{"key":"S1047951126124081_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-007-0718-8"},{"key":"S1047951126124081_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1160\/TH08-03-0148","article-title":"Evaluation of enoxaparin dosing requirements in infants and children. Better dosing to achieve therapeutic levels","volume":"101","author":"Bauman","year":"2009","journal-title":"Thromb Haemostasis"},{"key":"S1047951126124081_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajhp\/zxz055"},{"key":"S1047951126124081_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2023.12.019","article-title":"Anticoagulation of pediatric patients with venous Thromboembolism in 2023","volume":"235","author":"van","year":"2024","journal-title":"Thromb Res"},{"key":"S1047951126124081_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2010.08163.x"},{"key":"S1047951126124081_ref13","first-page":"e48830","article-title":"An evaluation of the appropriateness of initial Enoxaparin dosing among pediatric patients","volume":"15","author":"Altuwayjiri","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"S1047951126124081_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PCC.0000000000000169"},{"key":"S1047951126124081_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2024015328"}],"container-title":["Cardiology in the Young"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S1047951126124081","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T11:04:34Z","timestamp":1792062274000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S1047951126124081\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]]},"references-count":23,"alternative-id":["S1047951126124081"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s1047951126124081","relation":{},"ISSN":["1047-9511","1467-1107"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1047-9511","type":"print"},{"value":"1467-1107","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"\u00a9 The Author(s), 2026. Published by Cambridge University Press","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}}]}}