{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T04:51:49Z","timestamp":1778561509652,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,28]],"date-time":"2012-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1340841600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":3407,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Prehosp. Disaster med."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S1049023X00000637_sec01\"><jats:title><jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold><\/jats:title><jats:p>The Brain Trauma Foundation's <jats:italic>Guidelines for the Management of Severe Head Injury<\/jats:italic> state that the use of prophylactic hyperventilation after traumatic brain injury (TBI) should be avoided because it can compromise cerebral perfusion. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of unintentional hyperventilation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1049023X00000637_sec02\" sec-type=\"methods\"><jats:title><jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold><\/jats:title><jats:p>A prospective evaluation of all intubated trauma patients with a diagnosis of TBI was performed. Patients with signs of impending hernia-tion were excluded.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1049023X00000637_sec03\" sec-type=\"results\"><jats:title><jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold><\/jats:title><jats:p>Forty patients were included in the study. The average Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) was 6.3. Of these, 28 patients (70%) were unintentionally hyperventilated. Eleven (39%) of the hyperventilated patients died or were discharged in a persistent vegetative state. Of the remaining 12 patients who experienced normal ventilation, three patients (25%) died or were discharged in a vegetative state (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = ns) (Table 1).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1049023X00000637_sec04\" sec-type=\"conclusion\"><jats:title><jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold><\/jats:title><jats:p>Hyperventilation was common after TBI. However, patients ventilated to a normal PaCO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> were significantly more acidotic. Prehospital personnel should undergo educational training after development of strict ventilation protocols for patients suffering TBI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1049023x00000637","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,24]],"date-time":"2016-08-24T07:45:57Z","timestamp":1472024757000},"page":"20-23","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Prehospital Hyperventilation After Brain Injury: A Prospective Analysis of Prehospital and Early Hospital Hyperventilation of the Brain-Injured Patient"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Dave","family":"Lal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steve","family":"Weiland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Monica","family":"Newton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Flaten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Schurr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1049023X00000637_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1977.47.4.0503"},{"key":"S1049023X00000637_ref017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-200006000-00005"},{"key":"S1049023X00000637_ref003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-107-4-469"},{"key":"S1049023X00000637_ref010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.3.5.566"},{"key":"S1049023X00000637_ref020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10903120190940146"},{"key":"S1049023X00000637_ref014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-200009000-00025"},{"key":"S1049023X00000637_ref008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.4.5893.634"},{"key":"S1049023X00000637_ref009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1972.36.6.0714"},{"key":"S1049023X00000637_ref013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199705001-00006"},{"key":"S1049023X00000637_ref002","volume-title":"Guidelines for the Management of Severe Head Injury.","author":"Bullock","year":"1995"},{"key":"S1049023X00000637_ref011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1991.75.5.0731"},{"key":"S1049023X00000637_ref004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006565-199608000-00003"},{"key":"S1049023X00000637_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1067-991X(01)70043-0"},{"key":"S1049023X00000637_ref007","first-page":"1","article-title":"Reduction of increased intracranial pressure by hyperventilation: A therapeutic aid in neurological surgery","volume":"34","author":"Lundberg","year":"1959","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatrica et Neurologica Scandinavica"},{"key":"S1049023X00000637_ref016","first-page":"868","article-title":"Brain oxygen tension in severe head injury","volume":"46","author":"Van den Brink","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"S1049023X00000637_ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1936.16.4.545","article-title":"The cerebral circulation","volume":"16","author":"Wolff","year":"1936","journal-title":"Physiological Reviews"},{"key":"S1049023X00000637_ref019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199605000-00010"},{"key":"S1049023X00000637_ref012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-199112000-00011"},{"key":"S1049023X00000637_ref018","unstructured":"18. 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