{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T20:46:22Z","timestamp":1786999582174,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,14]],"date-time":"2020-02-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1581638400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Prehosp. Disaster med."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1049023X20000163_as1\">\n                    <jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Sort, Access, Life-saving interventions, Treatment and\/or Triage (SALT) mass-casualty incident (MCI) algorithm is unique in that it includes two subjective questions during the triage process: \u201cIs the victim likely to survive given the resources?\u201d and \u201cIs the injury minor?\u201d<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1049023X20000163_as2\">\n                    <jats:title>Hypothesis\/Problem:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Given this subjectivity, it was hypothesized that as casualties increase, the inter-rater reliability (IRR) of the tool would decline, due to an increase in the number of patients triaged as Minor and Expectant.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1049023X20000163_as3\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A pre-collected dataset of pediatric trauma patients age &lt;14 years from a single Level 1 trauma center was used to generate \u201cpatients.\u201d Three trained raters triaged each patient using SALT as if they were in each of the following scenarios: 10, 100, and 1,000 victim MCIs. Cohen\u2019s kappa test was used to evaluate IRR between the raters in each of the scenarios.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1049023X20000163_as4\">\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 247 patients were available for triage. The kappas were consistently \u201cpoor\u201d to \u201cfair:\u201d 0.37 to 0.59 in the 10-victim scenario; 0.13 to 0.36 in the 100-victim scenario; and 0.05 to 0.36 in the 1,000-victim scenario. There was an increasing percentage of subjects triaged Minor as the number of estimated victims increased: 27.8% increase from 10- to 100-victim scenario and 7.0% increase from 100- to 1,000-victim scenario. Expectant triage categorization of patients remained stable as victim numbers increased.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1049023X20000163_as5\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall, SALT demonstrated poor IRR in this study of increasing casualty counts while triaging pediatric patients. Increased casualty counts in the scenarios did lead to increased Minor but not Expectant categorizations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1049023x20000163","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,14]],"date-time":"2020-02-14T02:08:18Z","timestamp":1581646098000},"page":"165-169","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Tabletop Application of SALT Triage to 10, 100, and 1000 Pediatric Victims"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Nicholas","family":"McGlynn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3292-9696","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ilene","family":"Claudius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy H.","family":"Kaji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emilia H.","family":"Fisher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alaa","family":"Shaban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark X.","family":"Cicero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Genevieve","family":"Santillanes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marianne","family":"Gausche-Hill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4508-2551","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Todd P.","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. Joelle","family":"Donofrio-Odmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1049023X20000163_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DMP.0b013e318182194e"},{"key":"S1049023X20000163_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.5055\/ajdm.2017.0255","article-title":"Comparison of START and SALT triage methodologies to reference standard definitions and to a field mass casualty simulation","volume":"12","author":"Silvestri","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Disaster Med"},{"key":"S1049023X20000163_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1080\/10903127.2018.1520946","article-title":"Comparing the accuracy of mass casualty triage systems in a pediatric population","volume":"23","author":"Heffernan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Prehosp Emerg Care"},{"key":"S1049023X20000163_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10903127.2014.882997"},{"key":"S1049023X20000163_ref8","first-page":"2981624","article-title":"Posttraumatic psychiatric disorders and resilience in health care providers following a disastrous earthquake: an interventional study in Taiwan","author":"Ke","year":"2017","journal-title":"BioMed Research International"},{"key":"S1049023X20000163_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5603\/IMH.2015.0032"},{"key":"S1049023X20000163_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10903120903349812"},{"key":"S1049023X20000163_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/dmp.2011.39"}],"container-title":["Prehospital and Disaster Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S1049023X20000163","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,21]],"date-time":"2020-10-21T06:41:17Z","timestamp":1603262477000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S1049023X20000163\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,14]]},"references-count":8,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S1049023X20000163"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s1049023x20000163","relation":{},"ISSN":["1049-023X","1945-1938"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1049-023X","type":"print"},{"value":"1945-1938","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,14]]}}}