{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T06:27:46Z","timestamp":1762928866156,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,5]],"date-time":"2021-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609804800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Prehosp. Disaster med."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S1049023X20001533_as1\"><jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic influences health care facilities world-wide. The flow rate, type, and severity of cases presented to emergency departments varied during the pandemic in comparison to the past years. However, this change has not been well-described among the cases of hospital admission due to toxic exposure.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1049023X20001533_as2\"><jats:title>Study Objective:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Recognition of the pattern of toxic exposure among the cases refereed to Tanta Poison Control Center (TPCC; Tanta, Egypt) during the past five years, and furthermore, exploration of the impact of lockdown due to the COVID-19 pandemic on the pattern of presented cases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1049023X20001533_as3\"><jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p>The current study is a five-year retrospective, comparative cross-sectional study carried out among acutely intoxicated patients admitted to TPCC during the spring months (March through May) of 2016-2020. A total of 1,916 patients with complete medical records were recruited. The type and manner of toxic exposure, demographic, clinical data, and outcomes were analyzed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1049023X20001533_as4\"><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>The current study noted that there were delays in time from toxic exposure to emergency services during the lockdown period. This was reflected in significant lower recovery rates (884.8\/1,000 population; z = \u22123.0) and higher death rates (49.4\/1,000 population; z = 2.1) despite the marked decrease in the total number of hospital admissions in comparison to the past four years. The lockdown period showed significantly higher phosphides (z = 3.5; \u03c7<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>= 34.295; P &lt;.001) and antipsychotics exposure (z = 3.6; \u03c7<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>= 21.494; P &lt;.001) than the previous years. However, predominance of female exposure and intentional self-poisoning was maintained over the past five years, including the lockdown.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1049023X20001533_as5\"><jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title><jats:p>COVID-19-associated lockdown greatly reformed the usual intoxication pattern of the cases admitted to emergency room. Also, it played a role in delaying time of hospital arrival, which was reflected as lower recovery rates and higher death rates.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1049023x20001533","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,5]],"date-time":"2021-01-05T22:20:00Z","timestamp":1609885200000},"page":"145-162","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Impact of Lockdown due to COVID-19 on the Modalities of Intoxicated Patients Presenting to the Emergency Room"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9282-3167","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manar M.","family":"Fayed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6104-562X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Asmaa F.","family":"Sharif","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1049023X20001533_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1081\/CLT-200042550"},{"key":"S1049023X20001533_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/inm.12735"},{"key":"S1049023X20001533_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5694\/mja17.01063"},{"key":"S1049023X20001533_ref50","first-page":"298","article-title":"Drug overdose: a wakeup call! 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