{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T16:31:25Z","timestamp":1792168285071,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,13]],"date-time":"2023-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1697155200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Prehosp. Disaster med."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1049023X23006490_as1\">\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Acute coronary syndromes (ACS) are hard to diagnose because their clinical presentation is broad. Current guidelines suggest early clinical risk stratification to the optimal site of care. The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI); History, Electrocardiogram, Age, Risk Factors, Troponin (HEART); and Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) risk scores to predict the development of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) and the angiographic severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients diagnosed with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTEACS) in the emergency department (ED). In addition, independent variables associated with the development of MACE were also examined.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1049023X23006490_as2\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study is a prospective, observational, single-center study. All patients over 18 years of age who were planned to be hospitalized for pre-diagnosed NSTEACS (NSTEMI + UAP) were included in the study consecutively. Patients\u2019 demographic information and all variables necessary for calculating risk scores (TIMI, HEART, and GRACE) were recorded. Two experienced cardiologists evaluated all coronary angiograms and calculated the Gensini score.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1049023X23006490_as3\">\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The median age was 60 (IQR: 18) years, and 220 (61.6%) were male of the 357 patients included in the study. In this study, 91 MACE (52 percutaneous coronary interventions [PCI], 28 coronary artery bypass graft [CABG], three cerebrovascular disease [CVD], and eight deaths) occurred. The 30-day MACE rate was 25.5%. The low-risk group constituted 40.0%, 1.4%, and 68.0% of the population, respectively, in TIMI, HEART, and GRACE scores. Multiple logistic regression models for predicting MACE, age (P = .005), mean arterial pressure (MAP; P = .015), and High-Sensitive Troponin I (P = .004) were statistically significant.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1049023X23006490_as4\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The ability of the GRACE, HEART, and TIMI risk scores to predict severe CAD in patients with NSTEACS is similar. In patients with NSTEACS, the HEART and GRACE risk scores can better predict the development of MACE than the TIMI risk score. When low-risk groups are evaluated according to the three risk scores, the HEART score is more reliable to exclude the diagnosis of NSTEACS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1049023x23006490","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,13]],"date-time":"2023-10-13T05:24:46Z","timestamp":1697174686000},"page":"740-748","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Comparing TIMI, HEART, and GRACE Risk Scores to Predict Angiographic Severity of Coronary Artery Disease and 30-Day Major Adverse Cardiac Events in Emergency Department Patients with NSTEACS"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1465-8263","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Necmiye","family":"Yalcin Ocak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2357-1274","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Murat","family":"Yesilaras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1503-7554","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Baris","family":"Kilicaslan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4024-7900","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yesim","family":"Eyler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0071-7813","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u0130nan","family":"Mutlu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8956-2111","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Murat","family":"Kutlu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1049023X23006490_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03086144"},{"key":"S1049023X23006490_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0066-782X2012005000080"},{"key":"S1049023X23006490_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.284.7.835"},{"key":"S1049023X23006490_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2013-004425"},{"key":"S1049023X23006490_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HPC.0b013e3181ec36d8"},{"key":"S1049023X23006490_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2018.06.020"},{"key":"S1049023X23006490_ref13","first-page":"197","article-title":"Correlation of thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) risk score with extent of coronary artery disease in patients with acute coronary syndrome","volume":"60","author":"Lakhani","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Pak Med Assoc."},{"key":"S1049023X23006490_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.4103\/jcpc.jcpc_25_21","article-title":"Comparison of global registry of acute coronary events and thrombolysis in myocardial infarction risk scores in non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome","volume":"10","author":"Routray","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Prevent Cardiol."},{"key":"S1049023X23006490_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2010.06.053"},{"key":"S1049023X23006490_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ihj.2018.01.026"},{"key":"S1049023X23006490_ref4","first-page":"511","article-title":"Correlation of risk scores with coronary anatomy in non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome","volume":"100","author":"Santos","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arq Bras Cardiol."},{"key":"S1049023X23006490_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0094493"},{"key":"S1049023X23006490_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(83)80105-2"},{"key":"S1049023X23006490_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00392-013-0555-4"},{"key":"S1049023X23006490_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HPC.0b013e31828b327e"},{"key":"S1049023X23006490_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1474515120952214"},{"key":"S1049023X23006490_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehaa575"}],"container-title":["Prehospital and Disaster 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Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the World Association for Disaster and Emergency Medicine","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}}]}}