{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T16:58:03Z","timestamp":1783357083740,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,24]],"date-time":"2025-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740355200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":23,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Prehosp. Disaster med."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S1049023X25000123_as1\"><jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mountain Rescue Services (MRS) are a vital link in the chain of survival when it comes to emergencies at high altitudes. Cognitive impairment in hypobaric hypoxic conditions is known, and previous studies have shown suboptimal performance of MRS members after a steep ascent. These impairments may be linked to regional cerebral oxygenation (rSO2). Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether there are dynamics in rSO2 between \u201cbaseline\u201d and \u201cworking\u201d altitudes after climbing up to a potential patient.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1049023X25000123_as2\"><jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this alpine proof-of-concept field study, experienced mountaineers of the Austrian MRS had to perform an active rapid ascent of 1,200 meters on foot to 3,454 meters above sea level. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) was used to measure rSO2 before and after the climb. Continuous data were compared among subgroups using Mann-Whitney-U tests, and categorical data were compared with \u03c7<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>-square tests. Statistical significance was defined by two-tailed P values of &lt;.05.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1049023X25000123_as3\"><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty MRS members were assessed. Their rSO2 values at baseline altitude were significantly higher than at working altitude (70 [SD = 1]% versus 60 [SD = 1]%; absolute difference 10 [95% CI, 6-15]; P &lt;.001). When assessing the single dynamics of each mountain rescuer, there was a wide variability in delta rSO2, ranging from a minimum of 0% to a maximum of 32% (mean 10 [SD = 8]%).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1049023X25000123_as4\"><jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Overall, low rSO2 values were found in mountain rescuers at high altitudes, and there were considerable interpersonal differences of changes in cerebral oxygenation after an ascent. Using rSO2 to assess performance-readiness in mountain rescuers and individual proneness to potential cognitive dysfunction or acute mountain sickness (AMS) could be further research goals.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1049023x25000123","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,24]],"date-time":"2025-02-24T12:00:02Z","timestamp":1740398402000},"page":"33-36","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["High Altitude Dynamics in Cerebral Oxygenation of Mountain Rescue Personnel: A Prospective Alpine Proof-of-Concept Field Study"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0057-8200","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sebastian","family":"Schnaubelt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Egger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Verena","family":"Fuhrmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katharina","family":"Tscherny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maximilian","family":"Niederer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Uray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wolfgang","family":"Schreiber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1329-6149","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Harald","family":"Herkner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominik","family":"Roth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1049023X25000123_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-019-04206-6"},{"key":"S1049023X25000123_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"2. Imray, CH , Brearey, S , Clarke, T , et al. Cerebral oxygenation at high altitude and the response to carbon dioxide, hyperventilation, and oxygen. The Birmingham Medical Research Expeditionary Society. Clin Sci Lond Engl. 1979 2000;98(2):159-164.","DOI":"10.1042\/cs0980159"},{"key":"S1049023X25000123_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2014.07.007"},{"key":"S1049023X25000123_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/EP085200"},{"key":"S1049023X25000123_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ham.2006.7.290"},{"key":"S1049023X25000123_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1580\/1080-6032(1998)009[0198:NISITA]2.3.CO;2"},{"key":"S1049023X25000123_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/EP088515"},{"key":"S1049023X25000123_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resplu.2021.100093"},{"key":"S1049023X25000123_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20050036"},{"key":"S1049023X25000123_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13049-021-00899-x"},{"key":"S1049023X25000123_ref14","unstructured":"14. SenSmart X-100. Nonin n.d. https:\/\/www.nonin.com\/support\/x100\/. Accessed March 1, 2022."},{"key":"S1049023X25000123_ref26","first-page":"1437","article-title":"Changes in cerebrovascular reactivity in healthy adults after acute exposure to high altitude","volume":"22","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci."},{"key":"S1049023X25000123_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2017.12.040"},{"key":"S1049023X25000123_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wem.2018.10.009"},{"key":"S1049023X25000123_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0239272"},{"key":"S1049023X25000123_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200010000-00012"},{"key":"S1049023X25000123_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aep299"},{"key":"S1049023X25000123_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03027383"},{"key":"S1049023X25000123_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wem.2012.02.001"},{"key":"S1049023X25000123_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.13-2967"},{"key":"S1049023X25000123_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000514403"},{"key":"S1049023X25000123_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/016164103101201175"},{"key":"S1049023X25000123_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2018.01.028"},{"key":"S1049023X25000123_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13049-020-0717-0"},{"key":"S1049023X25000123_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40557-018-0276-2"},{"key":"S1049023X25000123_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.06.001"},{"key":"S1049023X25000123_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ham.2018.0134"},{"key":"S1049023X25000123_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2005.08.008"},{"key":"S1049023X25000123_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.2776"}],"container-title":["Prehospital and Disaster Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S1049023X25000123","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,25]],"date-time":"2025-03-25T12:31:23Z","timestamp":1742905883000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S1049023X25000123\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S1049023X25000123"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s1049023x25000123","relation":{},"ISSN":["1049-023X","1945-1938"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1049-023X","type":"print"},{"value":"1945-1938","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"\u00a9 The Author(s), 2025. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of World Association for Disaster and Emergency Medicine","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives licence (https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided that no alterations are made and the original article is properly cited. The written permission of Cambridge University Press must be obtained prior to any commercial use and\/or adaptation of the article.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}]}}