{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,31]],"date-time":"2023-01-31T11:27:00Z","timestamp":1675164420371},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,7]],"date-time":"2014-11-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1415318400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":4754,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["CNS spectr."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Treatment of acute mania has been greatly influenced by loading strategies. Loading has potential benefits, including rapid symptom reduction in mania and a shortened length of stay. Disadvantages include an increased likelihood of adverse effects of the medications. Loading strategies for lithium, valproic acid (divalproex sodium), carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, olanzapine, and haloperidol decanoate in the treatment of acute mania are discussed. Recent studies high-light this treatment option for selected patients. It is the unique properties of the medications that influence their use in loading. Issues in patient selection for loading strategies with each medication are also considered.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1092852900000985","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,1]],"date-time":"2016-08-01T23:17:49Z","timestamp":1470093469000},"page":"919-922, 930","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Loading Strategies in Acute Mania"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Brendan T.","family":"Carroll","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arthur","family":"Thalassinos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jay D.","family":"Fawver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1092852900000985_ref025","first-page":"142","article-title":"A randomized comparison of divalproex oral loading versus haloperidol in the initial treatment of acute psychotic mania","volume":"57","author":"McElroy","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"S1092852900000985_ref024","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v58n0503"},{"key":"S1092852900000985_ref022","first-page":"11","article-title":"Pharmacologic loading in the treatment of acutemania","volume":"2","author":"Keck","year":"2000","journal-title":"BipolarDisord"},{"key":"S1092852900000985_ref019","first-page":"11","article-title":"The use ol generic mood stabilizers: carbamazepine [monograph]","volume":"15","author":"Brown","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"S1092852900000985_ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1134","DOI":"10.1093\/ajhp\/55.11.1134","article-title":"Feasibility and pharaiacokinetics of carbamazepine oral loading doses","volume":"55","author":"Cohen","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Health Syst Pharm"},{"key":"S1092852900000985_ref017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1994.tb02931.x"},{"key":"S1092852900000985_ref016","first-page":"215","article-title":"The efficacy and use of anticonvulsants in mood disorders","volume":"21","author":"Dunn","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clinical Neuropharmacol"},{"key":"S1092852900000985_ref014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v60n1202"},{"key":"S1092852900000985_ref013","first-page":"1","article-title":"A pharmacoeconomic model of divalproex vs lithium in the acute and prophylactic treatment of bipolar disorder","volume":"2","author":"Keck","year":"1997","journal-title":"Medscape Ment Health"},{"key":"S1092852900000985_ref011","first-page":"18","article-title":"The use of divalproex [monograph]","volume":"15","author":"Keck","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"S1092852900000985_ref010","first-page":"49","article-title":"Accuracy and safety of a priori lithium loading","volume":"46","author":"Kook","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"S1092852900000985_ref009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hup.470070508"},{"key":"S1092852900000985_ref008","first-page":"114","article-title":"Pharmacological protocol for predicting steady state lithium levels","volume":"2","author":"Perry","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Clin Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"S1092852900000985_ref007","first-page":"93","volume-title":"Psychotropic Drug Handbook","author":"Perry","year":"1991"},{"key":"S1092852900000985_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.148.4.401"},{"key":"S1092852900000985_ref004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1994.03510360044034"},{"key":"S1092852900000985_ref003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.151.12.1"},{"key":"S1092852900000985_ref021","unstructured":"21. 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