{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T20:48:46Z","timestamp":1790628526544,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,7]],"date-time":"2014-11-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1415318400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":4208,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["CNS spectr."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>What is the long-term outcome of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) who are treatred with exposure and response (ritual) prevention (EX\/RP) alone, serotonergic medications alone, or their combination? How is the long-term outcome of these patients affected by the discontinuation? Follow-up assessments were conducted with 62 patients treated for OCD an average of 17 months posttreatment (range: 6\u201343 months). Patients received one of three treatments: serotonergic medications (fluvoxamine or clomipramine), intensive behavior therapy involving EX\/RP, or intensive EX\/RP with concurrent antidepressant medication. At follow-up, no differences in OCD symptom severity were found among the three treatment groups. However, when current medication use was taken into consideration, differences among the three treatment groups emerged. Among patients who were medication-free at the time of follow-up assessment (n=37), those in the EX\/RP-alone and EX\/RP-with-medication groups had lower symptom severity ratings than those in the medication-only group on 4 out of 6 measures. There were no differences in OCD severity ratings among patients taking medications at follow-up (n=25). Although these findings are interpreted with caution due to the uncontrolled nature of the study, results suggested that long-term outcome may be superior following EX\/RP than following serotonergic medications, after discontinuation. For patients who remain on medications, the treatment produced benefits equivalent to EX\/RP.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1092852900018629","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,2]],"date-time":"2016-08-02T03:25:57Z","timestamp":1470108357000},"page":"363-371","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Long-Term Efficacy of Exposure and Ritual Prevention Therapy and Serotonergic Medications for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Elizabeth A.","family":"Hembree","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David S.","family":"Riggs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Kozak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin E.","family":"Franklin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edna B.","family":"Foa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1092852900018629_ref003","first-page":"339","volume-title":"A Guide to Treatments That Work","author":"Franklin","year":"1998"},{"key":"S1092852900018629_ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1997.tb09929.x","article-title":"Prediction of outcome and early versus late improvement in OCD patients treated with cognitive behaviour therapy and pharmacotherapy","volume":"96","author":"deHaan","year":"1997","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"},{"key":"S1092852900018629_ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1002\/0470846496.ch2","volume-title":"Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder","author":"Zohar","year":"2000"},{"key":"S1092852900018629_ref010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00023210-199810040-00003"},{"key":"S1092852900018629_ref022","first-page":"149","article-title":"The Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression: a comprehensive review","volume":"10","author":"Hedlund","year":"1979","journal-title":"J Operating Psychiatry"},{"key":"S1092852900018629_ref002","first-page":"258","volume-title":"Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Theory, Research, and Treatment","author":"Foa","year":"1998"},{"key":"S1092852900018629_ref008","first-page":"69","article-title":"Continuation treatment of OCD: double-blind and open-label experience with fluoxetine","volume":"55","author":"Tollefson","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"S1092852900018629_ref020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.51.2.287"},{"key":"S1092852900018629_ref006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1989.01810010038006"},{"key":"S1092852900018629_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7967(66)90023-4"},{"key":"S1092852900018629_ref016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1781(93)90030-K"},{"key":"S1092852900018629_ref004","first-page":"358","volume-title":"A Guide to Treatments That Work","author":"Rauch","year":"1998"},{"key":"S1092852900018629_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1995.03950160039008"},{"key":"S1092852900018629_ref007","unstructured":"Wheadon DE , Bushnell WD , Steiner M . A fixed-dose comparison of 20, 40 or 60 mg paroxetine to placebo in the treatment of OCD. Paper presented at: Annual Meeting of the American College of Neuropsychopharmaclogy; December 7-11, 1993; Honolulu, Hawaii."},{"key":"S1092852900018629_ref009","first-page":"285","volume-title":"Long-term Treatment of Anxiety Disorders","author":"Foa","year":"1996"},{"key":"S1092852900018629_ref012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1991.01810340054007"},{"key":"S1092852900018629_ref013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.152.4.522"},{"key":"S1092852900018629_ref014","first-page":"150","article-title":"Six-year follow-up after exposure and clomipramine therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder","volume":"52","author":"O'Sullivan","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"S1092852900018629_ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1842","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.151.12.1842a","article-title":"Discontinuing obsessive-compulsive disorder medication with behavior therapy","volume":"151","author":"Baer","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"S1092852900018629_ref018","volume-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders","year":"1987"},{"key":"S1092852900018629_ref019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1989.01810110048007"},{"key":"S1092852900018629_ref021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.23.1.56"},{"key":"S1092852900018629_ref023","first-page":"90","article-title":"DSM-IV field trial: obsessive-compulsive disorder","volume":"152","author":"Foa","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"S1092852900018629_ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1521","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.145.12.1521","article-title":"Return of symptoms after discontinuation of clomipramine in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder","volume":"145","author":"Pato","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"}],"container-title":["CNS Spectrums"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S1092852900018629","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,18]],"date-time":"2024-06-18T16:49:33Z","timestamp":1718729373000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S1092852900018629\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,5]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S1092852900018629"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s1092852900018629","relation":{},"ISSN":["1092-8529","2165-6509"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1092-8529","type":"print"},{"value":"2165-6509","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,5]]}}}