{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T20:45:52Z","timestamp":1786999552784,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,26]],"date-time":"2015-02-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1424908800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["CNS Spectr."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Physical violence is a frequent occurrence in acute community psychiatry units worldwide. Violent acts by patients cause many direct injuries and significantly degrade quality of care. The most accurate tools for predicting near-term violence on acute units rely on current clinical features rather than demographic risk factors. The efficacy of risk assessment strategies to lower incidence of violence on acute units is unknown. A range of behavioral and psychopharmacologic treatments have been shown to reduce violence among psychiatric inpatients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1092852914000820","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,26]],"date-time":"2015-02-26T05:36:51Z","timestamp":1424929011000},"page":"223-230","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Inpatient aggression in community hospitals"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Katalin A.","family":"Szabo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher L.","family":"White","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen E.","family":"Cummings","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raziya S.","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cameron D.","family":"Quanbeck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/YCO.0b013e3282f31137"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref8","first-page":"1768","article-title":"[The staff\u2019s experience of patient violence in a psychiatric department","volume":"159","author":"Benjaminsen","year":"1997","journal-title":"Ugeskr Laeger"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0447.106.s412.22.x"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0735-7028.34.2.177"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1022094925150"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1078390314537377"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/088626096011003005"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref67","first-page":"CD003079","article-title":"Benzodiazepines for psychosis-induced aggression or agitation","volume":"4","author":"Gillies","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref34","first-page":"157","article-title":"Past violence, substance use, and precipitants to psychiatric patient assaults: eleven-year analysis of the Assaulted Staff Action Program (ASAP)","volume":"8","author":"Flannery","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Emerg Ment Health"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref63","first-page":"CD009377","article-title":"Haloperidol for psychosis-induced aggression or agitation (rapid tranquillisation)","volume":"11","author":"Powney","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.71.5.945"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1076-8971.12.3.279"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0447.106.s412.29.x"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.44.6.527"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1168","DOI":"10.1176\/ps.48.9.1168","article-title":"Risk appraisal and management of violent behavior","volume":"48","author":"Harris","year":"1997","journal-title":"Psychiatr Serv"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref12","first-page":"133","article-title":"The relationship between acute psychiatric symptoms, diagnosis, and short-term risk of violence","volume":"45","author":"McNiel","year":"1994","journal-title":"Hosp. Community Psychiatry"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2850.1997.00068.x"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1990.tb06470.x"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.52.4.521"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ab.20294"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01612840802710829"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1991.tb03122.x"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2850.2006.00957.x"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/193758670800100306"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11126-005-2977-2"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.165.1.107"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053-198809000-00007"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2010.04.012"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005478820425"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/088626000015012003"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ps.50.6.830"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2850.2007.01149.x"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.107.045534"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3923\/pjbs.2012.680.684"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ps.2007.58.4.521"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.64.3.602"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2648.2005.03426.x"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref5","unstructured":"Bowers L , Stewart D , Papadopoulos C , et al, Inpatient violence and aggression: a literature review. Report from the Conflict and Containment Reduction Research Programme. London: Section of Mental Health Nursing, Health Service and Population Research, Institute of Psychiatry, Kings College London; 2011."},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref20","first-page":"776","article-title":"Precipitants of violence in a psychiatric inpatient setting","volume":"41","author":"Sheridan","year":"1990","journal-title":"Hosp Community Psychiatry"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1516-44462011000100008"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref3","first-page":"585","article-title":"Violence by psychiatric inpatients: a review","volume":"42","author":"Davis","year":"1991","journal-title":"Hosp Community Psychiatry"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2010.12.024"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14789949.2013.773456"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1078390304264959"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3928\/02793695-20120410-04"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39339.448819.AE"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2850.2012.01949.x"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40263-013-0075-9"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0093854810374274"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.62.4.783"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1369-7625.2005.00336.x"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1039856213499620"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.110.082388"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2850.2007.01049.x"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.12053"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01612840802701083"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00048670701881520"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1562","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.148.11.1562","article-title":"Emergency psychiatric assessment of violence","volume":"148","author":"Beck","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2850.2004.00733.x"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/193758671000400107"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.145.8.965","article-title":"Predictors of violence in civilly committed acute psychiatric patients","volume":"145","author":"McNiel","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39341.608519.BE"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2004.07.031"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1004680504051"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2648.2007.04169.x"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.67.6.917"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref60","unstructured":"Allen M , Forster P , Zealberg J , et al, Report and recommendations regarding psychiatric emergency and crisis services: a review and model program descriptions. American Psychiatric Association Task Force. 2002. http:\/\/www.emergencypsychiatry.org\/data\/tfr200201.pdf. Accessed September 1, 2014."},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bsl.741"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2850.2012.01908.x"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JCP.0b013e31818aaf6c"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref53","first-page":"58","article-title":"Documentation of violence risk information in psychiatric hospital patient charts: an empirical examination","volume":"31","author":"Elbogen","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Am Acad Psychiatry Law"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref57","first-page":"498","article-title":"Predicting inpatient violence using the Br\u00f8set Violence Checklist (BVC)","volume":"4","author":"Almvik","year":"1999","journal-title":"Int J Psychiatr Nurs Res"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-1241.2010.02615.x"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/000486700271"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3371\/CSRP.CUWA.032513"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09638239917535"},{"key":"S1092852914000820_ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.201200208"}],"container-title":["CNS Spectrums"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S1092852914000820","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,20]],"date-time":"2019-04-20T20:27:45Z","timestamp":1555792065000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S1092852914000820\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,26]]},"references-count":77,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S1092852914000820"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s1092852914000820","relation":{},"ISSN":["1092-8529","2165-6509"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1092-8529","type":"print"},{"value":"2165-6509","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,26]]}}}