{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T07:41:51Z","timestamp":1790667711035,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,7]],"date-time":"2018-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1525651200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["CNS Spectr."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"S1092852918000871_abs1\" sec-type=\"general\"><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Evidence suggests that skin picking disorder (SPD) could be a prevalent condition associated with comorbidity and psychosocial dysfunction. However, just a few studies have assessed the prevalence and correlates of SPD in samples from low- and middle-income countries. In addition, the impact of SPD on quality of life (QoL) dimension after multivariable adjustment to potential confounders remains unclear.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1092852918000871_abs2\" sec-type=\"methods\"><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data were obtained from a Brazilian anonymous Web-based research platform. Participants provided sociodemographic data and completed the modified Skin Picking\u2013Stanford questionnaire, the Hypomania Checklist (HCL-32), the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), the Fagerstr\u00f6m Test for Nicotine Dependence, Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT), Symptom Checklist-90-Revised inventory (SCL-90R), early trauma inventory self report\u2013short form, and the World Health Organization quality of life abbreviated scale (WHOQOL-Bref). Associations were adjusted to potential confounders through multivariable models.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1092852918000871_abs3\" sec-type=\"results\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>For our survey, 7639 participants took part (71.3% females; age: 27.2\u00b17.9 years). The prevalence of SPD was 3.4% (95% CI: 3.0\u20133.8%), with a female preponderance (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.001). In addition, SPD was associated with a positive screen for a major depressive episode, nicotine dependence, and alcohol dependence, as well as suicidal ideation. Physical and psychological QoL was significantly more impaired in participants with SPD compared to those without SPD, even after adjustment for comorbidity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1092852918000871_abs4\" sec-type=\"conclusions\"><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this large sample, SPD was a prevalent condition associated with co-occurring depression, nicotine, and alcohol dependence. In addition, SPD was independently associated with impaired physical and psychological QoL. Public health efforts toward the early recognition and treatment of SPD are warranted.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1092852918000871","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,7]],"date-time":"2018-05-07T07:58:34Z","timestamp":1525679914000},"page":"311-320","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Skin picking disorder: prevalence, correlates, and associations with quality of life in a large sample"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Myrela O.","family":"Machado","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristiano A.","family":"K\u00f6hler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brendon","family":"Stubbs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paulo R.","family":"Nunes-Neto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ai","family":"Koyanagi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Quevedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jair C.","family":"Soares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas N.","family":"Hyphantis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donatella","family":"Marazziti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Maes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dan J.","family":"Stein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9 F.","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1092852918000871_ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2016.02.006"},{"key":"S1092852918000871_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.10.061"},{"key":"S1092852918000871_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2010.08.004"},{"key":"S1092852918000871_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2015.08.013"},{"key":"S1092852918000871_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.b.32067"},{"key":"S1092852918000871_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.112.1.155"},{"key":"S1092852918000871_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291798006667"},{"key":"S1092852918000871_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0034-89102000000200012"},{"key":"S1092852918000871_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291700048017"},{"key":"S1092852918000871_ref32","unstructured":"Carissimi A . 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