{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T13:48:37Z","timestamp":1789480117465,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,30]],"date-time":"2020-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604016000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["CNS Spectr."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S1092852920001972_sec1\" sec-type=\"intro\"><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a prevalent and disabling condition with frequent chronic course. Staging models applied to psychiatric disorders seek to define their extent of progression at a particular time-point and differentiate early, milder clinical phenomena from those characterizing illness progression and chronicity. In OCD patients, a staging model has been recently proposed but not tested yet. This was the aim of the present study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1092852920001972_sec2\" sec-type=\"methods\"><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>From an overall sample of 198 OCD patients, recruited across two psychiatric clinics in Northern Italy, 70 patients on stable treatment completed a follow-up assessment ranging from 12 to 24\u00a0months. At follow-up initiation, patients had been divided into four staging groups, according to the model proposed by Fontenelle and Yucel. At the end of the follow-up, patients were subdivided into three groups (no stage change, improved stage, or worsened stage) compared with statistical analyses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1092852920001972_sec3\" sec-type=\"results\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>At the end of the follow-up, 67.1% patients showed no stage changes, 24.3% a stage improvement, and 8.6% a stage progression. Worsened patients showed higher rates of comorbid disorders and higher rates of unfavorable employment characteristics compared to the other subgroups (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.05). Patients with worsened stage showed higher prevalence of somatic obsessions (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.05), while patients with improved stage showed higher rates of magical thinking and violence\/harm obsessions compared to other groups (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1092852920001972_sec4\" sec-type=\"discussion\"><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The present results provide epidemiologic and clinical correlates of the first application of a staging model in a sample of OCD patients, encouraging further studies to assess the utility of this approach in the field.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1092852920001972","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,30]],"date-time":"2020-10-30T07:10:20Z","timestamp":1604041820000},"page":"218-224","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Application of a staging model in patients with obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder: 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