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Many authors have stressed the similarities between ON and anorexia nervosa (AN) in both cognitive and behavioral patterns. Despite that, while the link between AN and female autism presentations is well known in the literature, no study has yet investigated the relationship between ON and autism spectrum. This work aims to investigate the relationship between ON and autistic traits in a university population.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1092852921000420_sec2\" sec-type=\"methods\"><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>An e-mail invitation was sent to all the students and University workers of University of Pisa. Subjects were asked to fulfill the ORTO-15 and the Adult Autism Subthreshold spectrum (AdAS spectrum) questionnaires.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1092852921000420_sec3\" sec-type=\"results\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 2426 subjects joined the survey: 623 subjects (26.3%) reported a score associated with significant orthorexic symptoms according to ORTO-15 (ON group), while 1789 subjects (73.7%) did not report ON symptomatology and were considered as healthy controls (HC). The ON group scored significantly higher on almost all AdAS spectrum domains. Moreover, being female and scoring higher on AdAS spectrum were statistically predictive factors for the presence of ON symptomatology. Among AdAS spectrum domains, higher scores on AdAS spectrum <jats:italic>inflexibility and adherence to routine<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>restricted interests and rumination<\/jats:italic> domains, as well as lower scores on <jats:italic>verbal communication<\/jats:italic> domain, were statistically predictive of orthorexic symptoms.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1092852921000420_sec4\" sec-type=\"conclusions\"><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our findings highlight an overlap between ON and autism spectrum psychopathology. Further studies are needed to clarify the relationship between restrictive eating disorders and female autism phenotypes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1092852921000420","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,19]],"date-time":"2021-04-19T08:32:15Z","timestamp":1618821135000},"page":"613-620","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Investigating the relationship between orthorexia nervosa and autistic traits in a university population"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2806-6736","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Barbara","family":"Carpita","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivan Mirko","family":"Cremone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giulia","family":"Amatori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Cappelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Salerni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriele","family":"Massimetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Davide","family":"Borgioli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3662-8073","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudia","family":"Carmassi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rossano","family":"Massai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liliana","family":"Dell\u2019Osso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1092852921000420_r39","first-page":"642","article-title":"Anorexia nervosa in a Swedish urban region. 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