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However, such dimensional approaches require a deep understanding of the underlying neurocognitive drivers and impulsive and compulsive traits (ie, neurocognitive phenotypes) across symptoms. This study investigated inhibitory control and self-monitoring across impulsivity, compulsivity, and their interaction in individuals (n = 40) experiencing mild\u2013moderate OCDSs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S109285292200075X_sec2\" sec-type=\"methods\"><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>EEG recording concurrent with the stop-signal task was used to elicit event-related potentials (ERPs) indexing inhibitory control (ie, N2 and P3) and self-monitoring (ie, error-related negativity and correct-related negativity (CRN): negativity following erroneous or correct responses, respectively).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S109285292200075X_sec3\" sec-type=\"results\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>During unsuccessful stopping, individuals high in both impulsivity and compulsivity displayed enhanced N2 amplitude, indicative of conflict between the urge to respond and need to stop (<jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>(3, 33) = 1.48, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; .05, 95% Cl [\u22120.01, 0.001]). Individuals high in compulsivity and low in impulsivity showed reduced P3 amplitude, consistent with impairments in monitoring failed inhibitory control (<jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>(3, 24) = 2.033, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; .05, 95% CI [\u22120.002, 0.045]). Following successful stopping, high compulsivity (independent of impulsivity) was associated with lower CRN amplitude, reflecting hypo-monitoring of correct responses (<jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>(4, 32) = 4.76, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; .05, 95% CI [0.01, 0.02]), and with greater OCDS severity (<jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>(3, 36) = 3.32, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; .05, 95% CI [0.03, 0.19]).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S109285292200075X_sec4\" sec-type=\"conclusions\"><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The current findings provide evidence for differential, ERP-indexed inhibitory control and self-monitoring profiles across impulsive and compulsive phenotypes in OCDSs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s109285292200075x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,29]],"date-time":"2022-04-29T12:54:57Z","timestamp":1651236897000},"page":"331-342","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Using event-related potentials 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