{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T15:59:03Z","timestamp":1784303943731,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,11]],"date-time":"2024-11-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731283200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":41,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002803","name":"Fondazione Cariplo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021-4490"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021-4490"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002803","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["CNS Spectr."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S1092852924000464_sec1\"><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cognitive and psychiatric symptoms are frequently reported after SARS-CoV-2 infection, but their interplay has been only partially explored. We investigated frequency and severity of psychiatric symptoms in patients with persistent cognitive complaints after COVID-19.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1092852924000464_sec2\" sec-type=\"methods\"><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conducted a cross-sectional study. Neurologists assessed 101 patients reporting cognitive symptoms after COVID-19. Patients were invited to fill a screening battery with self-reported psychometric scales (Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21, Impact of Event Scale-Revised, Insomnia Severity Index). Patients scoring above validated cut-offs in \u22651 scale were referred to psychiatrists who administered the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.), Hamilton Anxiety (HAM-A), and Hamilton Depression (HAM-D) rating scales and asked to complete the Personality Inventory for DSM-5-Brief Form (PID-5-BF).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1092852924000464_sec3\" sec-type=\"results\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Out of the 57 referred patients, 38 (64.4%) accepted to undergo the psychiatric examination. Among these, 18 (47.4%) were diagnosed with adjustment disorder (23.7%), anxiety disorder (10.5%), major depressive disorder (7.9%), and post-traumatic stress disorder (2.6%). Pharmacologic treatment before post-COVID condition (present in 12 patients, 31.6%) was associated with a score above cut-off on the HAM-A and HAM-D scales. A longer duration of untreated psychiatric illness after COVID-19 was associated with worse scores on the same scales. Patients with a higher PID-5-BF total score had a higher probability of receiving a psychiatric diagnosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1092852924000464_sec4\" sec-type=\"conclusions\"><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Almost half of patients with post-COVID-19 conditions reporting cognitive symptoms were found to suffer from a psychiatric condition after psychiatric evaluation. The application of a psychiatric screening in a population suffering from long-term effects of COVID-19 can lead to early diagnosis and timely treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1092852924000464","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,11]],"date-time":"2024-11-11T09:56:44Z","timestamp":1731319004000},"page":"416-422","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Post-COVID condition: a focus on psychiatric symptoms and diagnoses in patients with cognitive complaints"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Matteo","family":"Cerioli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Giacovelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Nostro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Larini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michele","family":"Castiglioni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carolina","family":"Scarpa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niccol\u00f2","family":"Cassina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessia","family":"Nicotra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giorgia","family":"Maestri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Cucumo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Federico","family":"Masserini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simone","family":"Pomati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanna","family":"Cirnigliaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7357-8530","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leonardo","family":"Pantoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9370-5365","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bernardo","family":"Dell\u2019Osso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1092852924000464_r1","unstructured":"1. 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