{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T19:48:02Z","timestamp":1785440882555,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,27]],"date-time":"2025-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750982400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":177,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000874","name":"Brain and Behavior Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["25951"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25951"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000874","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000874","name":"Brain and Behavior Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["F18-02165"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["F18-02165"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000874","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["CNS Spectr."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S1092852925100308_sec1\">\n\t    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>Bipolar disorder (BD) affects over 1% of the population and is characterized by deficits in response inhibition. Response inhibition, a crucial component of executive functions, involves the ability to suppress or withhold a planned or ongoing response that is no longer required or appropriate in a given context. Response inhibition may be dissociated into three subcomponents: interference inhibition, action withholding, and action cancellation. These subcomponents are assessed using the hybrid response inhibition (HRI) task. Previous research has shown that inhibitory control is strongly lateralized to the right hemisphere. Specifically, the right inferior frontal gyrus (rIFG) is a key node underpinning response inhibition and might be amenable to neuromodulation using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). This proof-of-concept study aimed to investigate the effects of rTMS targeting the rIFG on response inhibition in individuals with BD and controls.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S1092852925100308_sec2\" sec-type=\"methods\">\n\t    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>We investigated HRI performance scores in individuals with BD (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a012) and sex-\/age-matched controls (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a012) immediately before and after intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS) and continuous TBS to modulate cortical excitability of the rIFG.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S1092852925100308_sec3\" sec-type=\"results\">\n\t    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>The response inhibition subcomponent \u201caction withholding\u201d was significantly improved in the HRI task following iTBS in the BD group. No other significant effects were observed in the results.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S1092852925100308_sec4\" sec-type=\"conclusions\">\n\t    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>Our study is the first to show that iTBS to the rIFG neuromodulated a specific subcomponent of response inhibition in BD. Further research investigating the potential therapeutic effect of neuromodulation of the rIFG in BD is warranted.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1092852925100308","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,27]],"date-time":"2025-06-27T07:57:40Z","timestamp":1751011060000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Neuromodulation of the right inferior frontal gyrus in bipolar disorder to target response inhibition: a proof-of-concept study"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1454-2535","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karling","family":"Luciani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Schmid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bazyl","family":"Carroll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Sebastian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fidel","family":"Vila-Rodriguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian G.","family":"Sch\u00fctz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1092852925100308_r12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.14.8301"},{"key":"S1092852925100308_r23","first-page":"209","article-title":"BioImage Suite: an integrated medical image analysis suite: an update","volume":"2006","author":"Papademetris","year":"2006","journal-title":"Insight J."},{"key":"S1092852925100308_r6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/sltb.12274"},{"key":"S1092852925100308_r18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2020.00260"},{"key":"S1092852925100308_r25","first-page":"8","article-title":"A consensus guide to capturing the ability to inhibit actions and impulsive behaviors in the stop-signal task","author":"Verbruggen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Elife"},{"key":"S1092852925100308_r31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10548-009-0115-4"},{"key":"S1092852925100308_r27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13803395.2012.758239"},{"key":"S1092852925100308_r24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2013.03.013"},{"key":"S1092852925100308_r2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.16r11165"},{"key":"S1092852925100308_r28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-38841-z"},{"key":"S1092852925100308_r14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rehab.2015.05.005"},{"key":"S1092852925100308_r16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/YCO.0000000000000533"},{"key":"S1092852925100308_r7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/j.eurpsy.2021.532"},{"key":"S1092852925100308_r11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2012.09.020"},{"key":"S1092852925100308_r30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bdi.12423"},{"key":"S1092852925100308_r9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn_a_00020"},{"key":"S1092852925100308_r15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.12.033"},{"key":"S1092852925100308_r3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-020-1130-0"},{"key":"S1092852925100308_r8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.24.1.167"},{"key":"S1092852925100308_r26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BRM.41.4.1149"},{"key":"S1092852925100308_r1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-444-52002-9.00015-2"},{"key":"S1092852925100308_r21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.16cs10905"},{"key":"S1092852925100308_r20","first-page":"22","article-title":"The Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.): the development and validation of a structured diagnostic psychiatric interview for DSM-IV and ICD-10","volume":"59","author":"Sheehan","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry."},{"key":"S1092852925100308_r5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bdi.12601"},{"key":"S1092852925100308_r10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2023.105109"},{"key":"S1092852925100308_r4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-018-0044-2"},{"key":"S1092852925100308_r22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2307-05.2005"},{"key":"S1092852925100308_r13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2013.08.015"},{"key":"S1092852925100308_r19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bdi.13099"},{"key":"S1092852925100308_r29","unstructured":"29. 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