{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T19:02:25Z","timestamp":1785438145206,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780963200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":159,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["CNS Spectr."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n Longitudinal investigation of brain alterations in children putatively at risk of developing schizophrenia may identify early markers of pathophysiology associated with vulnerability for the disorder.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n Children aged 9\u201312\u00a0years with multiple antecedents of schizophrenia (psychotic-like experiences; speech and\/or motor delays; and social, emotional, and\/or behavioral difficulties; ASz,\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a031), with a family history of schizophrenia\/schizoaffective disorder (FHx,\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a021), and typically developing children (TD,\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a035) were recruited through community screening using questionnaires. T1-weighted structural MRI scans were obtained at baseline and after approximately 2 and 4\u00a0years of follow-up, and processed using the FreeSurfer longitudinal pipeline. Across these 3 assessment waves, total gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) volume, and regional GM volumes in 12 regions of interest, were compared among the groups using linear mixed models.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Children were aged 11.21 (\u00b11.61) years at baseline and the average lapse-of-time between each assessment was 1.76 (\u00b10.36) years. The ASz group exhibited consistently higher total WM volume (\n b<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a029.45) compared to the TD group, with no statistically significant time-related volumetric WM or GM differences in any region. The FHx group also demonstrated higher total WM volume (\n b<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a036.49), and time-related total and regional GM volume changes were observed; however, these effects were attenuated after correction.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n Global and regionally specific brain abnormalities distinguished children with different risk profiles for schizophrenia relative to their typically developing peers. Follow-up is required to determine how these changes may relate to later schizophrenia.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1092852926101047","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T05:51:00Z","timestamp":1780984260000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Trajectories of gray and white matter volume in children at elevated risk for schizophrenia"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Shuqing","family":"Si","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"King\u2019s College London"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Kempton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King\u2019s College London"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily","family":"Hedges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King\u2019s College London"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mathilde","family":"Antoniades","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00b30xv10","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruth E.","family":"Roberts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0497xq319","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Anna Freud Centre"},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02jx3x895","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University College London"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexis E.","family":"Cullen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King\u2019s College London"},{"name":"Mental Health Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King\u2019s College London"},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/056d84691","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Karolinska Institutet"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3987-6486","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kristin R.","family":"Laurens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03pnv4752","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Queensland University of Technology (QUT)"},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0220mzb33","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"King\u2019s College London"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]]},"container-title":["CNS Spectrums"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S1092852926101047","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T07:20:08Z","timestamp":1783927208000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S1092852926101047\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}},"alternative-id":["S1092852926101047"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s1092852926101047","relation":{},"ISSN":["1092-8529","2165-6509"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1092-8529","type":"print"},{"value":"2165-6509","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"article-number":"e23"}}